1.Пріоритезація та делегуванняСередня
A conscious patient with hypoglycemia drank juice 15 minutes ago. The glucose is now 62 mg/dL (3,4 mmol/L). What should the nurse do next?
- AGive another serving of fast-acting carbohydrate and recheck in 15 minutes
- BRecord the result and recheck the glucose at the usual time before the evening meal
- CWait another hour, because juice can take a long time to work
- DGive the next scheduled dose of rapid-acting insulin with the meal
2.Пріоритезація та делегуванняСкладна
A patient with MRSA in a wound is on contact precautions. Which instruction to the nursing assistant is correct?
- AWear a gown and gloves for contact with the patient or the room, and use dedicated equipment
- BWear a respirator mask in the room, because MRSA in a wound spreads through the air to others
- COnly wear gloves when touching the wound itself; skin and bedding are safe
- DNo special precautions are needed if the wound is covered with a dressing
3.Інфекційний контроль і безпека пацієнтівСередня
Why is “QD” (once daily) on The Joint Commission’s “Do Not Use” list?
- AIt means “every day at bedtime” in some hospitals
- BIt is a Latin abbreviation, and only plain English abbreviations may be used
- CIt can be misread as QID or QOD, so the drug is given too often or too rarely
- DIt is only allowed for intravenous medicines
4.Інфекційний контроль і безпека пацієнтівСкладна
A flexible bronchoscope contacts mucous membranes but does not enter sterile tissue. Which level of processing is required at a minimum between patients?
- AWiping with an alcohol wipe
- BCleaning with soap and water only
- CHigh-level disinfection
- DLow-level disinfection
5.Лабораторні показники та електролітиСередня
An older adult with chronic kidney disease starts trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for a urinary tract infection. Which electrolyte should be monitored closely?
- ACalcium, because the drug binds calcium in the gut
- BChloride, because the drug causes chloride loss
- CPotassium, because trimethoprim can raise it
- DSodium, because the drug causes heavy sodium retention
6.Лабораторні показники та електролітиСкладна
A patient with acute kidney injury has a potassium of 6,8 mEq/L despite medical treatment, a pH of 7,12 and pulmonary edema not responding to diuretics. Which treatment is most likely needed?
- AMore oral fluid
- BAn IV magnesium dose
- CA potassium supplement
- DUrgent dialysis
7.Клінічна сестринська справаСередня
A patient is receiving IV fluids for several days. Which monitoring is essential?
- AWeekly temperature and a single blood glucose reading
- BMonthly HbA1c
- CPeak flow readings
- DFluid balance, regular weights and urea, creatinine and electrolytes
8.Клінічна сестринська справаСкладна
У пацієнта з травмою спинного мозку на рівні T4 раптово з'являються пульсівний головний біль, дуже високий тиск і пітливість вище рівня ураження. Яка перша дія?
- AПосадити пацієнта й перевірити, чи не переповнений сечовий міхур або не заблокований катетер
- BДати заспокійливе й повторно виміряти тиск через чотири години
- CВвести великий болюс внутрішньовенної рідини й повторно виміряти тиск
- DПокласти пацієнта рівно й підняти ноги, щоб покращити перфузію мозку
9.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системиСередня
Which position is usually best for the legs of a patient with chronic venous insufficiency and ankle swelling?
- AKept still in a standing position for long periods
- BRaised above the level of the heart when resting
- CHanging down over the side of the bed
- DCrossed at the knees while sitting
10.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системиСкладна
A patient with severe COPD has increasing ankle oedema and a raised JVP, but no crackles and a normal left ventricle on echocardiography. Which condition is most likely?
- ALeft ventricular failure
- BAortic stenosis
- CCor pulmonale
- DDeep vein thrombosis
11.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системиСередня
A stroke patient speaks fluently, but the words make little sense, and they do not follow simple instructions. Which type of aphasia is this?
- AGlobal aphasia with no speech at all
- BExpressive (Broca's) aphasia
- CReceptive (Wernicke's) aphasia
- DDysarthria from facial weakness
12.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системиСкладна
A patient with an external ventricular drain sat up in bed without help. The drain stayed at its old height, and the drainage bag filled quickly. The patient now has a headache. What is the concern?
- ANo concern, because more drainage always lowers the ICP safely
- BOverdrainage of CSF, so act per protocol and inform the team
- CUnderdrainage, so the drain should be lowered further
- DAn infected drain, so the dressing should be removed
13.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологіяСередня
Which rule about the sterile field is correct?
- AA sterile pack stays sterile even when it is wet
- BIf sterility is in doubt, the item is treated as contaminated
- CSterile items can be passed across a non-sterile area freely
- DThe area below a gowned person's waist is sterile
14.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологіяСкладна
At the end of an operation, the final count shows one swab missing. What should happen?
- AClose the wound, as the swab was probably thrown away
- BLet the patient leave and search the theatre later
- CTell the surgeon, search, and X-ray if it is not found
- DRecord the count as correct to avoid a delay