1.Пріоритезація та делегуванняСередня
A child with fever and headache develops a purple rash that does not fade when pressed with a glass. What should the nurse do?
- ATreat it as an emergency and escalate at once
- BAdvise the family to see their doctor next week
- CApply a soothing cream to the rash
- DGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and reassess in four hours
2.Пріоритезація та делегуванняСкладна
After cardiac surgery, a patient becomes hypotensive with distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds, and chest drain output has suddenly stopped. What should the nurse suspect?
- ALeft-sided heart failure
- BHypovolemic shock from dehydration
- CCardiac tamponade
- DA blocked urinary catheter
3.Інфекційний контроль і безпека пацієнтівСередня
A patient is admitted to an inpatient mental health unit. Why are personal belongings checked?
- ATo make a list of valuable items for insurance
- BTo decide which family members may visit
- CTo remove items that could be used to harm self or others
- DTo find out what the patient likes to wear during the hospital stay
4.Інфекційний контроль і безпека пацієнтівСкладна
A nurse who is not immune to chickenpox was exposed to a patient with varicella before precautions began. What usually happens?
- AThe nurse is assessed and kept from patient contact during the incubation period per policy
- BThe nurse continues working with all patients as usual, including newborns
- CThe nurse only needs to wear gloves for the next month
- DThe nurse must take a two-week course of antibiotics to prevent the infection
5.Лабораторні показники та електролітиСередня
A urine culture report states "mixed growth of three organisms, likely contamination." What is the nurse's best response?
- AStart treatment for all three organisms with three antibiotics
- BRecord the result as a confirmed urinary tract infection
- CInform the provider and arrange a new, correctly collected sample
- DDiscard the report, because a mixed growth is always normal
6.Лабораторні показники та електролітиСкладна
A patient on high-dose dexamethasone has a white cell count of 15 × 10³/µL, mostly mature neutrophils with no bands. They have no fever and no signs of infection. What is the most likely explanation?
- ACertain sepsis that needs antibiotics started without delay
- BA laboratory error, because steroids always lower the white count
- CA steroid effect that moves neutrophils into the circulating blood
- DA new leukemia that is confirmed by this result alone
7.Клінічна сестринська справаСередня
A pressure ulcer shows full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone. Which category (stage) is this?
- ACategory 4
- BCategory 1
- CCategory 2
- DCategory 3
8.Клінічна сестринська справаСкладна
Why are patients with nephrotic syndrome at increased risk of blood clots?
- ATheir blood pressure is always very low
- BThey lose all their red cells in the urine, which thickens the remaining blood
- CThey lose most of their platelets in the urine every day
- DAnticoagulant proteins are lost in the urine and clotting factors rise
9.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системиСередня
Why must anti-embolism stockings be measured and fitted correctly?
- APoorly fitting stockings can cause pressure damage
- BTight stockings work better, so the smallest size is always best
- CLoose stockings make the patient's legs too warm at night
- DCorrect fit is needed only to improve the appearance
10.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системиСкладна
A patient taking ramipril and indapamide for hypertension starts regular ibuprofen for back pain. A week later, creatinine has risen sharply. What is the most likely cause?
- AAn allergic reaction to the diuretic causing inflammation of the kidney
- BAn ACE inhibitor, diuretic and NSAID together reducing kidney perfusion
- CBack pain causing kidney damage
- DIbuprofen raising the blood pressure to levels that damage the kidneys
11.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системиСередня
A patient taking warfarin is diagnosed with an intracerebral haemorrhage. What is the priority treatment?
- AIV thrombolysis within 4,5 hours
- BUrgent reversal of the anticoagulant effect
- CDoubling the warfarin dose to stabilise the INR
- DStarting aspirin to prevent further clots
12.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системиСкладна
Why may HbA1c be unreliable in a patient with haemolytic anaemia or a recent large blood transfusion?
- ABlood transfusions contain large amounts of glucose
- BAnaemia always makes the HbA1c very high
- CIt depends on how long red blood cells survive in the blood
- DThe test only measures the glucose in the plasma, not in the cells
13.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологіяСередня
У пацієнта з гострою кровотечею з верхніх відділів ШКТ гемоглобін при надходженні нормальний. Чому це може вводити в оману?
- AВін падає лише після зсувів рідини або розбавлення крові внутрішньовенними рідинами
- BГемоглобін падає лише після цілого тижня безперервної кровотечі
- CГемоглобін не залежить від кровотечі з кишечника
- DГемоглобін завжди спочатку зростає після будь-якої крововтрати
14.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологіяСкладна
A patient with suspected appendicitis says the pain suddenly eased, but an hour later has a temperature of 38,9 °C, a rigid abdomen and a pulse of 118/min. What does this suggest?
- AThe appendicitis has settled by itself
- BPerforation with peritonitis
- CA side effect of the analgesia given
- DSimple constipation that needs a laxative