1.Пріоритезація та делегуванняСередня
A patient coughs hard after abdominal surgery, and loops of bowel appear through the opened wound. What does the nurse do first?
- ALeave the wound uncovered so the surgeon can see it on arrival
- BHelp the patient walk to the toilet to relieve abdominal pressure
- CPush the bowel gently back into the abdomen with a gloved hand
- DCover the wound with sterile dressings moistened with saline
2.Пріоритезація та делегуванняСкладна
During surgery under general anesthesia, a patient develops rising end-tidal carbon dioxide, muscle rigidity and a rapidly increasing temperature. Which drug should the nurse anticipate?
- AAtropine
- BNaloxone
- CFlumazenil
- DDantrolene
3.Інфекційний контроль і безпека пацієнтівСередня
An order uses the abbreviation “MS”. Why is this unsafe?
- AIt means the drug must be given by mouth only
- BIt is the abbreviation for milliseconds, not a drug
- CIt is reserved for drugs used in multiple sclerosis
- DIt can mean either morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate
4.Інфекційний контроль і безпека пацієнтівСкладна
A patient has signed a surgical consent form but tells the nurse, “I don’t really understand what they are going to do.” What should the nurse do?
- AReassure the patient that the surgeon knows best and continue with the preparation
- BExplain the risks and benefits in place of the surgeon
- CGive the preoperative sedative so the patient relaxes
- DInform the surgeon so the procedure can be explained again before any sedation
5.Лабораторні показники та електролітиСередня
A stable adult who is not bleeding receives one unit of packed red cells. By about how much is the hemoglobin expected to rise?
- AAbout 3 g/dL (30 g/L)
- BAbout 0,1 g/dL (1 g/L)
- CAbout 5 g/dL (50 g/L)
- DAbout 1 g/dL (10 g/L)
6.Лабораторні показники та електролітиСкладна
A patient in DKA is receiving IV fluids and insulin. The glucose has fallen to about 220 mg/dL (12,2 mmol/L), but the anion gap is still high. What change would the nurse expect?
- AStop the IV fluids and start oral fluids only
- BAdd dextrose to the IV fluids and continue the insulin
- CStop the insulin infusion because the glucose is near normal
- DGive an IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate at once
7.Клінічна сестринська справаСередня
When is a rapid-acting insulin such as insulin aspart usually given?
- AOnly at bedtime
- BOnce a week
- CJust before or with a meal
- DTwo hours after finishing a meal
8.Клінічна сестринська справаСкладна
У літнього пацієнта з переломом стегна через два дні після травми з'являються задишка, сплутаність і петехіальна висипка на грудях. Яке ускладнення слід запідозрити?
- AІнфекцію сечових шляхів
- BСиндром жирової емболії
- CКомпартмент-синдром
- DПролежень
9.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системиСередня
Which exercise advice is recommended for intermittent claudication?
- AWalking only on days when the legs feel warm and painless
- BSupervised walking until pain is near maximal, then rest and repeat
- CStopping walking at the very first twinge of pain each time
- DComplete bed rest until the leg pain has gone for at least a month
10.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системиСкладна
After positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is increased on a ventilated patient, the blood pressure falls. What is the most likely reason?
- AHigher chest pressure reduces venous return to the heart
- BPEEP lowers the blood oxygen level
- CPEEP causes immediate blood loss from the alveolar capillaries
- DPEEP directly weakens the heart muscle and its contraction
11.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системиСередня
A patient with untreated hyperthyroidism is losing weight. Which diet is most appropriate until the condition is controlled?
- AA low-calorie diet to protect the heart
- BA high-calorie diet with enough protein
- CA strict low-protein diet
- DA diet very high in caffeine for energy
12.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системиСкладна
During a TURP, a patient becomes confused and nauseated, with a slow pulse and a raised BP. The sodium is 121 mmol/L. What is most likely?
- AAn allergic reaction to the catheter
- BA normal reaction to the spinal anaesthetic
- CHypoglycaemia from fasting for many hours before surgery
- DTURP syndrome from absorbed irrigation fluid
13.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологіяСередня
Which statement about pain relief in acute pancreatitis is correct?
- APain relief should be withheld until the diagnosis is certain
- BOnly paracetamol may be given
- COpioids must never be used in pancreatitis
- DOpioids can be used, and good analgesia is a priority
14.Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологіяСкладна
A competent adult who is a Jehovah's Witness refuses blood transfusion before major surgery. What should the nurse do?
- APlan to transfuse secretly during the operation if it becomes needed
- BCancel the surgery without discussing it
- CAsk the family to override the decision
- DRespect the decision, document it and inform the team