Робочий аркуш «Біологія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

What does the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) do?

1. AIt cuts DNA at specific sequences
2. BIt separates proteins by their charge
3. CIt turns RNA into protein
4. DIt makes many copies of a piece of DNA

What is transpiration?

1. AThe taking in of CO₂ for photosynthesis
2. BThe loss of water vapour from the leaves of a plant
3. CThe growth of roots towards water
4. DThe movement of sugars through the phloem to the roots

Which organelle breaks down fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide?

1. APeroxisome
2. BRibosome
3. CCentriole
4. DChloroplast

Dolly the sheep was cloned by putting the nucleus of an adult body cell into an egg cell whose nucleus had been removed. Whose nuclear DNA did Dolly have?

1. AThe sheep that gave the body cell nucleus
2. BThe sheep that gave the egg cell
3. CThe sheep that carried the pregnancy
4. DAn equal mix of all three sheep

A person catches chickenpox once and does not usually become ill with it again. Why?

1. AAntibodies from the first infection turn into new viruses
2. BThe virus stays in the blood and kills new viruses
3. CThe skin becomes thicker after the first infection
4. DMemory cells give a faster, stronger response the next time

In a food chain, producers hold 10 000 units of energy. Roughly how much is passed on to the primary consumers?

1. AAbout 10 000 units
2. BAbout 5000 units
3. CAbout 1000 units
4. DAbout 10 units

An mRNA reads AUG-UUU-GGC-UAA. How many amino acids are in the protein made from it?

1. A2
2. B4
3. C3
4. D12

Home pregnancy tests use antibodies that bind the hormone hCG. Why do they react with hCG and not with other proteins in urine?

1. AAntibodies bind every protein but change colour only with hCG
2. BEach antibody binds a specific antigen shape
3. CThe hormone hCG is a type of antibody itself
4. DUrine contains no other proteins at all