Робочий аркуш «Біологія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

What is the aim of gene therapy?

1. ATo give a patient antibiotics through a vein to kill a virus
2. BTo change the patient's blood type
3. CTo remove all the genes from a patient's cells
4. DTo treat a disease by adding a working copy of a faulty gene

Осмос — це дифузія якої речовини крізь вибірково проникну мембрану?

1. AБілків
2. BГлюкози
3. CЙонів натрію
4. DВоди

What is a sister chromatid?

1. AOne of two identical copies of a chromosome joined at the centromere
2. BA small ring of DNA found in bacteria
3. COne of the two sex chromosomes
4. DA chromosome that is inherited from the mother only, never the father

What is a bacterial endospore?

1. AA small ring of DNA that carries antibiotic resistance genes
2. BA tough, dormant form that survives heat, drying and many disinfectants
3. CA hair-like structure used to swim towards food
4. DA reproductive cell that bacteria use to make new colonies quickly

Clostridium tetani grows in deep puncture wounds but is killed by oxygen. How is this bacterium described?

1. AA photosynthetic bacterium
2. BAn obligate anaerobe
3. CA facultative anaerobe
4. DAn obligate aerobe

What does the enzyme lipase break down?

1. ADNA into nucleotides
2. BProteins into amino acids and peptides
3. CFats into fatty acids and glycerol
4. DStarch into sugars

How does a phospholipid differ from a triglyceride?

1. AIt has four fatty acids instead of three
2. BOne of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group
3. CIt contains no glycerol, only fatty acids and phosphate
4. DIt is made of amino acids

Why do cells get far more ATP from glucose when oxygen is present than when it is absent?

1. AWithout oxygen, glucose cannot enter the cell or be broken down at all
2. BOxygen itself is converted into ATP in the mitochondria
3. CWithout oxygen the Krebs cycle runs faster but makes less ATP
4. DWithout oxygen only glycolysis runs, giving a net of 2 ATP per glucose