Робочий аркуш «Біологія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

Чого не мають прокаріотичні клітини, як-от бактерії?

1. AКлітинної мембрани
2. BГенетичного матеріалу у формі ДНК
3. CОточеного мембраною ядра
4. DРибосом

What is an organism's genotype?

1. AThe environment in which it lives
2. BThe alleles it carries for a trait
3. CThe number of cells in its body
4. DThe traits that can be seen or measured

What is an adaptation?

1. AAn inherited trait that helps an organism survive in its environment
2. BAny mutation that damages a gene
3. CA change an organism makes during its lifetime that it then passes on
4. DA disease that weakens a population

Why can small nonpolar molecules cross the cell membrane easily while ions cannot?

1. AThe membrane is made mostly of long carbohydrate chains
2. BIons are larger than most membrane proteins
3. CThe bilayer's core is made of hydrophobic tails
4. DThe membrane carries a strong positive charge

Which sequence describes the usual flow of genetic information in a cell?

1. ADNA to RNA to protein
2. BDNA to protein to RNA
3. CRNA to DNA to protein
4. DProtein to RNA to DNA

Why do plants wilt when the soil around their roots becomes very salty?

1. AThe roots take in too much water
2. BWater leaves the root cells by osmosis
3. CSalt makes the root cells swell and burst
4. DSalt blocks sunlight from reaching the leaves

Добровольці п'ють 0, 100 або 200 mg кофеїну, і через 30 хвилин вимірюють їхній пульс. Що є залежною змінною?

1. AПульс через 30 хвилин
2. BДоза кофеїну
3. CСамі добровольці
4. D30-хвилинний час очікування

Fleming saw a clear area with no bacteria around a Penicillium mould growing on a bacterial plate. What was the best explanation?

1. AThe mould used up all of the oxygen that the nearby bacteria needed
2. BThe bacteria had turned into mould cells
3. CThe bacteria had moved away to find more food
4. DThe mould released a substance that killed or stopped the bacteria