Робочий аркуш «Біологія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

What is true of a recessive allele?

1. AIt is always harmful to the organism
2. BIts trait shows only when two copies are present
3. CIts trait shows whenever one copy is present
4. DIt is found only on the X chromosome

Which pigment absorbs light energy for photosynthesis?

1. AChlorophyll
2. BMelanin
3. CHaemoglobin
4. DKeratin

What is transpiration?

1. AThe movement of sugars through the phloem to the roots
2. BThe growth of roots towards water
3. CThe loss of water vapour from the leaves of a plant
4. DThe taking in of CO₂ for photosynthesis

In evolution, what does an organism's fitness mean?

1. AHow strong and fast the organism is compared with others
2. BHow long the organism lives
3. CHow large the organism grows
4. DHow many offspring it leaves that survive and reproduce

A deletion removes exactly three bases, forming one whole codon, from the middle of a gene. What is the most likely result?

1. AThe protein becomes three times longer
2. BThe protein lacks one amino acid but the rest is unchanged
3. CNo protein can be made at all
4. DEvery amino acid after the deletion is changed to a new one

Which statement about Archaea is correct?

1. AThey are prokaryotes, and many live in extreme environments
2. BThey are a type of virus
3. CThey are eukaryotes that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
4. DThey are multicellular plants

Що з наведеного є гіпотезою, яку можна перевірити?

1. AРослини почуваються щасливішими й спокійнішими, коли люди щодня з ними розмовляють
2. BЯкщо рослини отримають більше світла, вони виростуть вищими
3. CРослини — найкрасивіші живі істоти
4. DРослини мають поливати дбайливі люди

How does a phospholipid differ from a triglyceride?

1. AIt has four fatty acids instead of three
2. BIt contains no glycerol, only fatty acids and phosphate
3. CIt is made of amino acids
4. DOne of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate group