Робочий аркуш «Біологія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

What is the job of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

1. AIt carries amino acids to the ribosomes
2. BIt forms the main structure of the ribosome
3. CIt stores genetic information in the nucleus permanently
4. DIt carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosomes

What are the parts of a triglyceride (a fat molecule)?

1. ATwo glycerols and one fatty acid
2. BOne glycerol and three fatty acids
3. CThree glucose units and one phosphate
4. DOne amino acid and three fatty acids

Which enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix and separates the two strands for copying?

1. AAmylase
2. BLipase
3. CLigase
4. DHelicase

What happens in the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis?

1. ACO₂ is built into sugar using ATP and NADPH
2. BGlucose is broken down to release energy
3. CWater is split to release oxygen
4. DLight is absorbed by chlorophyll

How does cytokinesis differ between animal cells and plant cells?

1. AAnimal cells pinch in with a furrow; plant cells build a cell plate
2. BAnimal cells build a cell plate; plant cells pinch in with a furrow
3. COnly plant cells carry out cytokinesis
4. DOnly animal cells carry out cytokinesis

During which division of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

1. ANeither, because they separate in mitosis
2. BMeiosis II
3. CBoth meiosis I and meiosis II
4. DMeiosis I

Why can standard DNA profiling not tell identical twins apart?

1. AIdentical twins have no non-coding DNA
2. BIdentical twins come from one zygote and have the same DNA
3. COnly one twin inherits the father's DNA
4. DTwins always share the same fingerprints on their hands

Why can a scientific hypothesis never be proven true with absolute certainty?

1. AHypotheses are only opinions and cannot be tested
2. BNew evidence could always contradict it in the future
3. CEvery experiment contains a mistake
4. DScientists are not allowed to reach any conclusions