Робочий аркуш «Біологія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

What is an adaptation?

1. AAn inherited trait that helps an organism survive in its environment
2. BAny mutation that damages a gene
3. CA change an organism makes during its lifetime that it then passes on
4. DA disease that weakens a population

What is the main role of carbohydrates in the human diet?

1. ATo carry the body's genetic information
2. BTo build muscle tissue
3. CTo provide a quick source of energy
4. DTo form antibodies

In the scientific name Homo sapiens, what does Homo name?

1. AThe family
2. BThe genus
3. CThe species
4. DThe kingdom

Why must human gametes be haploid?

1. ASo that the gametes can make more proteins
2. BSo that the zygote has twice the normal number of chromosomes
3. CSo that the zygote has the normal number of 46 chromosomes
4. DSo that the gametes can divide quickly by mitosis

When plotting the results of an experiment, which variable usually goes on the y-axis?

1. AThe dependent variable
2. BThe independent variable
3. CThe controlled variable
4. DThe time the experiment started

How can bacteria pass antibiotic-resistance genes directly to other bacteria?

1. ABy osmosis, moving genes in water
2. BBy conjugation, transferring plasmids through a pilus
3. CBy meiosis, forming gametes with new alleles
4. DBy mitosis, sharing copies of their chromosomes with neighbours

Two populations of one species live on separate islands for many thousands of years. When brought together, they can no longer interbreed. What has happened?

1. AHomeostasis in both populations
2. BSpeciation after geographic isolation
3. CArtificial selection by humans
4. DHybrid vigour from crossbreeding

Еритроцит поміщають у розчин з такою самою концентрацією розчиненої речовини, як у його цитоплазмі. Що відбувається?

1. AКлітина зморщується, бо вода виходить
2. BЧистого руху води немає; клітина зберігає форму
3. CМолекули води перестають проходити крізь мембрану в обидва боки
4. DКлітина набрякає й лопається