Робочий аркуш «Біологія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

Яку одиницю найчастіше використовують для розміру клітини?

1. AКілометри (km)
2. BЛітри (L)
3. CМетри (m)
4. DМікрометри

What is the main job of the nucleolus?

1. AIt digests worn-out parts of the cell
2. BIt releases energy from glucose for the nucleus
3. CIt makes ribosomal RNA and builds ribosome parts
4. DIt stores water and salts for the nucleus

Which enzyme adds new nucleotides to build a new DNA strand?

1. ARNA polymerase
2. BPepsin
3. CHelicase
4. DDNA polymerase

Salivary amylase begins the digestion of which nutrient in the mouth?

1. AFat
2. BCellulose
3. CProtein
4. DStarch

Golden rice was genetically modified to make beta-carotene. What is the aim?

1. ATo increase the protein content of the rice
2. BTo make the rice grow faster in cold climates
3. CTo help prevent vitamin A deficiency
4. DTo make the rice resistant to all insects

What is the job of the checkpoints in the cell cycle?

1. ATo copy the DNA a second time before mitosis
2. BTo stop the cycle if the DNA is damaged or the cell is not ready
3. CTo join the two daughter cells back together
4. DTo speed up division whenever the cell is short of nutrients or space

A point mutation changes a codon in the middle of a gene into a stop codon. What is the most likely effect?

1. AA protein with one different amino acid
2. BNo change, because stop codons are ignored
3. CA shortened protein that usually does not work
4. DA protein that is longer than normal

Pasteur boiled broth in swan-neck flasks. The broth stayed clear until the neck was broken off, when it soon became cloudy. What did this show?

1. AAir alone, without microbes, spoils broth
2. BSwan-neck flasks produce chemicals that kill bacteria
3. CBoiling makes broth produce new microbes
4. DMicrobes come from the air, not from the broth itself