Робочий аркуш «Біологія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

Що таке гіпотеза в науковому методі?

1. AПерелік проведених вимірювань
2. BШироке пояснення, підтверджене багатьма експериментами
3. CПояснення або передбачення, яке можна перевірити
4. DВисновок, який доведено як істинний

What are stomata?

1. ASmall pores in leaves that allow gas exchange
2. BTubes that carry water up the stem
3. CGreen structures in the leaf that store starch
4. DHairs on roots that absorb minerals

Що з наведеного є ліпідом?

1. AГемоглобін
2. BТригліцерид (жир)
3. CГлікоген, запасна форма глюкози
4. DДНК

Which is an example of negative feedback?

1. ASweating when body temperature rises
2. BContractions growing stronger during labour
3. CBlood clotting speeding up once it starts
4. DA wound becoming more inflamed over time

During childbirth, pressure on the cervix causes oxytocin release, which causes stronger contractions and more pressure. What kind of control is this?

1. ANegative feedback
2. BHomeostatic balance
3. CPositive feedback
4. DNatural selection

Identical twins raised in different homes have different body weights. What does this show?

1. AThe twins must have different genotypes for body weight genes
2. BMutations happened in every cell of one twin
3. CThe phenotype depends on environment as well as genotype
4. DBody weight is controlled by a single gene

Five recovery times in days are 5, 6, 6, 7 and 30. Which value best describes a typical recovery time, and why?

1. AThe mean of 10,8, because it uses every value
2. BThe maximum of 30, because it shows the worst case
3. CThe median of 6, because the outlier pulls the mean up
4. DThe range of 25, because it shows the spread

Which statement correctly compares DNA replication and transcription?

1. AReplication makes RNA from DNA; transcription makes DNA from RNA
2. BBoth take place on ribosomes in the cytoplasm
3. CReplication copies all the DNA; transcription copies one gene
4. DBoth use thymine and deoxyribose in the new strand