Робочий аркуш «Біологія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

Where in the cell does glycolysis take place?

1. AIn the mitochondrial matrix
2. BIn the chloroplast
3. CIn the cytoplasm
4. DIn the nucleus

Which enzyme adds new nucleotides to build a new DNA strand?

1. ADNA polymerase
2. BPepsin
3. CRNA polymerase
4. DHelicase

What is the main job of the large central vacuole in a plant cell?

1. AIt copies DNA before the cell divides
2. BIt stores water and keeps the cell firm
3. CIt captures light energy for photosynthesis
4. DIt assembles proteins from amino acids

Which kind of mutation can be passed on to a person's children?

1. AA mutation in a white blood cell during infection
2. BA mutation in a cell that forms eggs or sperm
3. CA mutation in a liver cell caused by alcohol
4. DA mutation in a skin cell caused by sunlight

In a pedigree, a trait appears in every generation, and every affected child has at least one affected parent. Which inheritance pattern is most likely?

1. AA new mutation in each generation
2. BX-linked recessive
3. CAutosomal recessive
4. DAutosomal dominant

In a food chain, which organisms are the producers?

1. AAnimals that eat only plants, such as rabbits and deer
2. BFungi that break down dead material
3. CPlants and algae that make food by photosynthesis
4. DPredators at the top of the chain

Гемофілія — X-зчеплена рецесивна. Мати-носій (XᴴXʰ) і здоровий батько (XᴴY) мають сина. Яка ймовірність, що він має гемофілію?

1. A1/2
2. B0
3. C1/4
4. D1

Finches on the Galápagos Islands have different beak shapes on islands with different foods. What is the best explanation?

1. ANatural selection favoured beaks suited to each food source
2. BThe birds were all created with the same beak and it never changed
3. CThe beaks changed because the birds chose to eat new food
4. DEach bird changed its beak by using it more