Робочий аркуш «Хімія для вступних іспитів на медсестринство» з відповідями

What is a single covalent bond?

1. AOne electron transferred from one atom to another
2. BOne pair of electrons shared between two atoms
3. CTwo pairs of electrons shared between two atoms
4. DThe attraction between two oppositely charged ions

According to the Arrhenius definition, what does an acid produce in water?

1. AOxide ions (O²⁻)
2. BSodium ions (Na⁺)
3. CHydrogen ions (H⁺)
4. DHydroxide ions (OH⁻)

Which functional group is found in all alcohols?

1. ACarbonyl group (C=O) only
2. BHydroxyl group (–OH)
3. CAmino group (–NH₂)
4. DCarboxyl group (–COOH)

A red blood cell is placed in a concentrated (hypertonic) salt solution. What happens?

1. ASalt leaves the cell, which swells
2. BThe cell stays the same size and shape
3. CWater leaves the cell, which shrinks
4. DWater enters the cell, which swells and may burst

What colour is phenolphthalein indicator in a basic solution?

1. AYellow
2. BPink
3. CBlue
4. DColourless

Glucose has the molecular formula C₆H₁₂O₆. What is its empirical formula?

1. ACHO
2. BC₂H₄O₂
3. CCH₂O
4. DC₆H₁₂O₆

Many ethene (C₂H₄) molecules join together to form poly(ethene), a plastic. What type of reaction is this?

1. AAddition polymerisation, in which the C=C double bonds open up to link the monomers
2. BHydrolysis, in which water breaks each monomer apart
3. CCombustion, in which ethene reacts with oxygen
4. DCondensation polymerisation, in which a water molecule is released at each new link

Carbon-12 and carbon-14 react in exactly the same way in chemical reactions. Why?

1. AThey have the same mass number
2. BThey have the same number of neutrons
3. CCarbon-14 turns into carbon-12 before reacting
4. DThey have the same number of protons and electrons