Робочий аркуш «Інфекційний контроль і безпека пацієнтів» з відповідями

What is the incubation period of an infection?

1. AThe time when the specific symptoms are at their worst
2. BThe time between entry of the organism and the first symptoms
3. CThe time from the first vague symptoms to specific symptoms
4. DThe time when the person recovers and symptoms fade

Which three elements make up the fire triangle in the operating room?

1. AAn oxidizer, an ignition source and a fuel
2. BHeat, light and sound
3. CWater, electricity and metal instruments
4. DOxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide

Which basic fall-prevention measure applies to every patient?

1. AKeep the call light (call bell) and personal items within easy reach
2. BKeep the room dark at all times so the patient rests
3. CUse wrist restraints at night for every patient
4. DRaise all four side rails whenever the patient is in bed

An alcohol-based skin prep has been used before surgery with electrosurgery. What must happen before the drapes are placed?

1. AThe prep must be fully dry and any pooled liquid removed
2. BThe prep must be wiped off with saline
3. CThe prep must be covered with the drapes while it is still wet
4. DThe prep must be warmed with a hair dryer

A patient is receiving opioids for pain. Which sign usually comes before opioid-induced respiratory depression?

1. ARising blood pressure
2. BDiarrhea
3. CDilated pupils
4. DIncreasing sedation

Which patient has the highest risk of a burn from a heating pad?

1. AA patient recovering from a cold
2. BA healthy young adult with a strained muscle
3. CA patient with a sprained wrist who is fully alert
4. DA patient with diabetic peripheral neuropathy

A patient on oxygen needs an MRI scan. Which plan is safe?

1. ALeave the steel cylinder on the patient’s bed during the scan
2. BRemove the oxygen for the scan without telling anyone
3. CUse only MRI-safe equipment, and never take a standard steel oxygen cylinder into the scanner room
4. DTake the usual steel cylinder into the room if it is tightly strapped to the trolley frame

An 84-year-old resident with an indwelling catheter suddenly becomes confused but has no fever. What should the nurse consider?

1. AThe confusion is part of normal aging at this age and needs no further action
2. BA sedative is needed to keep the resident calm
3. CInfection can be ruled out because there is no fever
4. DAn infection may present as confusion in older adults, so assess further and report