Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями

Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency typically causes which type of anemia?

1. AHemolytic anemia, with destroyed red cells
2. BAplastic anemia, with an empty bone marrow
3. CMicrocytic anemia, with small red cells
4. DMacrocytic anemia, with large red cells

Where is urea, measured as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), made?

1. AIn the muscles, from the breakdown of creatine
2. BIn the kidneys, from the breakdown of glucose
3. CIn the liver, from the breakdown of protein
4. DIn the bone marrow, from old red blood cells

The tumor marker CA-125 is most often used to follow which cancer?

1. AColon cancer
2. BThyroid cancer
3. COvarian cancer
4. DLung cancer

An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1,0 to 1,8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?

1. AThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
2. BNormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks
3. CMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly
4. DA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney

A patient had a total thyroidectomy yesterday. Which laboratory value is most important to monitor in the first days after surgery?

1. ASerum potassium
2. BSerum glucose
3. CSerum calcium
4. DSerum sodium

A patient on levothyroxine has palpitations, weight loss and a TSH of 0,05 mIU/L. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe patient has stopped the drug
2. BThe thyroid is now completely normal
3. CThe levothyroxine dose is too high
4. DThe levothyroxine dose is too low

A patient on stable digoxin starts amiodarone. A week later, the patient has nausea and visual changes, and the digoxin level is above the range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AAmiodarone has raised the digoxin level
2. BThe patient has started a viral illness
3. CDigoxin has raised the amiodarone level
4. DAmiodarone has lowered potassium only

A patient taking an SGLT2 inhibitor has nausea and fast breathing. Glucose 190 mg/dL (10,5 mmol/L), pH 7,15, bicarbonate 10 mEq/L, blood ketones high. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. ARespiratory acidosis from COPD
2. BEuglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis
3. CHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
4. DSimple fasting ketosis only