Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями

What is a typical adult reference range for serum chloride?

1. AAbout 22–28 mEq/L
2. BAbout 3,5–5,0 mEq/L
3. CAbout 135–145 mEq/L
4. DAbout 98–106 mEq/L

At what time of day is serum cortisol normally highest?

1. ALate afternoon
2. BEarly morning
3. CAfter the evening meal
4. DAround midnight

Which drug is routinely monitored with blood levels because of its narrow therapeutic range?

1. ALithium
2. BOmeprazole
3. CAmoxicillin
4. DLoratadine

A healthy patient's result is slightly outside the laboratory reference range, and all other results are normal. Which statement best explains why this can happen?

1. AReference ranges include every healthy person without exception
2. BReference ranges are the same in every laboratory worldwide
3. CRanges cover about 95% of healthy people, so some fall outside
4. DAny result outside the range always means disease is present

У пацієнта з цирозом альбумін 2,2 g/dL (22 g/L). Яка знахідка найімовірніше з цим пов'язана?

1. AГіперкаліємія
2. BНабряки та асцит
3. CЗбільшений діурез
4. DВисокий артеріальний тиск

How does normal pregnancy usually affect serum creatinine?

1. AIt falls, because GFR rises
2. BIt stays exactly the same
3. CIt rises with every week
4. DIt rises, because GFR falls

A patient's total calcium is 7,6 mg/dL and the albumin is 2,0 g/dL. Using the common correction (add 0,8 mg/dL for each 1 g/dL that albumin is below 4,0), what is the corrected calcium?

1. A11,6 mg/dL, above the normal range
2. B6,0 mg/dL, well below the normal range
3. C9,2 mg/dL, within the normal range
4. D7,6 mg/dL, below the normal range

A patient on warfarin with an INR of 3,6 fell and hit their head an hour ago. They now report a worsening headache and drowsiness. What is the priority?

1. AEncourage rest in a dark room to settle the pain
2. BReport urgently for imaging and possible reversal
3. CHold warfarin for one dose and observe at home
4. DGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the INR tomorrow