Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями
Безкоштовний робочий аркуш для друку «Лабораторні показники та електроліти»: 8 задач від легких до рівня іспиту, з ключем відповідей. Роздрукуйте його або збережіть як PDF.
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1.Легка
What is a typical reference range for the reticulocyte count in an adult?
AAbout 0,01–0,05% of red cells
BAbout 0,5–2% of red cells
CAbout 10–20% of red cells
DAbout 40–50% of red cells
2.Легка
In a healthy adult, the CSF glucose is usually about what proportion of the blood glucose?
AAbout one tenth (10%)
BAbout double (200%)
CAbout two-thirds (60%)
DExactly the same (100%)
3.Легка
Який типовий референтний діапазон креатиніну в сироватці у дорослих?
AБлизько 3,5–5,0 mg/dL
BБлизько 135–145 mg/dL
CБлизько 0,6–1,2 mg/dL
DБлизько 10–20 mg/dL
4.Середня
A breathless patient in the emergency department has a BNP below 100 pg/mL. What does this suggest?
AThe kidneys are failing and the patient needs dialysis
BSevere heart failure is certainly the cause of the problem
CHeart failure is an unlikely cause of the breathlessness
DThe patient has had a myocardial infarction in the past day
5.Середня
A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?
AThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine
BThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes
CThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes
DThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose
6.Середня
A test has very high sensitivity for a disease. What does a negative result mean?
AThe result cannot be used, because sensitivity is high
BThe disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
CThe disease is certain, so treatment should begin
DThe patient must have a different disease instead
7.Складна
A patient on warfarin with an INR of 3,6 fell and hit their head an hour ago. They now report a worsening headache and drowsiness. What is the priority?
AHold warfarin for one dose and observe at home
BReport urgently for imaging and possible reversal
CEncourage rest in a dark room to settle the pain
DGive acetaminophen (paracetamol) and recheck the INR tomorrow
8.Складна
An older adult with type 2 diabetes is drowsy and very dehydrated. Glucose 920 mg/dL (51 mmol/L), serum osmolality 350 mOsm/kg, pH 7,36, urine ketones negative or trace. Which condition fits best?
ADiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
BMetformin-related lactic acidosis
CHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)
DSyndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)
Ключ відповідей
1. B · About 0,5–2% of red cells
2. C · About two-thirds (60%)
3. C · Близько 0,6–1,2 mg/dL
4. C · Heart failure is an unlikely cause of the breathlessness
5. B · The pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes
6. B · The disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
7. B · Report urgently for imaging and possible reversal
8. C · Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)
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