Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями

Below about which blood glucose level is hypoglycemia usually defined and treated in a person with diabetes?

1. A126 mg/dL (7,0 mmol/L)
2. B70 mg/dL (3,9 mmol/L)
3. C40 mg/dL (2,2 mmol/L)
4. D100 mg/dL (5,6 mmol/L)

Which laboratory test is used to diagnose sickle cell disease?

1. AProthrombin time with INR
2. BHemoglobin electrophoresis
3. CErythrocyte sedimentation rate
4. DSerum ferritin and transferrin saturation

What is a typical adult reference range for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

1. AAbout 40–80 mIU/L
2. BAbout 0,4–4,0 mIU/L
3. CAbout 0,01–0,04 mIU/L
4. DAbout 10–20 mIU/L

Why is a blood β-hydroxybutyrate level often preferred to a urine ketone dipstick in DKA?

1. AIt is the only test that can measure glucose and ketones together
2. BIt shows the average ketone level over the past three months
3. CIt measures the main ketone in DKA, and the dipstick may miss it
4. DThe urine dipstick only detects ketones in people without diabetes

Why must vitamin B₁₂ deficiency be ruled out before treating macrocytic anemia with folic acid alone?

1. AFolic acid causes iron overload when B₁₂ levels are low
2. BFolic acid makes B₁₂ deficiency anemia much worse within a few days
3. CFolic acid blocks the absorption of all B₁₂ from the diet
4. DFolic acid can fix the anemia while B₁₂-related nerve damage continues

In the US, when is a pregnant woman without known risk factors usually screened for gestational diabetes?

1. AAt about 38–40 weeks of pregnancy
2. BAt about 24–28 weeks of pregnancy
3. CAt about 6–8 weeks of pregnancy
4. DOnly after the baby is born

A patient's potassium is 7,2 mEq/L, and the monitor shows wide QRS complexes. Several treatments are prescribed. Which should be given first?

1. AIV furosemide (a loop diuretic)
2. BUrgent hemodialysis session
3. CIV calcium gluconate (or chloride)
4. DAn oral potassium binder dose

A patient on clozapine for 2 years has been stable. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll tell other doctors that I take clozapine"
2. B"I'll keep all my scheduled blood test visits"
3. C"I can stop my blood tests since I feel well"
4. D"I'll report a sore throat or fever at once"