Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями

What does a creatinine clearance measured from a 24-hour urine collection estimate?

1. AThe amount of protein lost from the blood
2. BThe glomerular filtration rate
3. CThe rate of red cell production
4. DThe concentrating ability of the urine

Why is AST less specific for liver damage than ALT?

1. AAST is also found in heart and skeletal muscle
2. BAST is made by the bone marrow, not the liver
3. CAST is not measured in the blood at all
4. DAST is found only in the kidney tubules

A tuberculin skin test (TST) is read as positive. What does this mean?

1. AThe person has never been exposed to TB bacteria
2. BThe person definitely has active, contagious pulmonary TB
3. CThe person is fully immune and can never develop TB
4. DThe person has been infected with TB bacteria at some point

A test has very high sensitivity for a disease. What does a negative result mean?

1. AThe disease is certain, so treatment should begin
2. BThe result cannot be used, because sensitivity is high
3. CThe disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
4. DThe patient must have a different disease instead

After surgery for colon cancer, a patient's CEA had fallen to normal, but it has been rising over the last two checks. What does this most likely suggest?

1. AA sign of iron deficiency from the earlier bleeding
2. BPossible recurrence that needs further assessment
3. CA sure sign that the cancer has been fully cured
4. DA normal change after surgery that needs no follow-up

When should the nurse check the glucose before giving a mealtime dose of rapid-acting insulin (such as lispro)?

1. AAt bedtime only, then giving the mealtime insulin overnight
2. BOnly once a day, then giving the same dose before every meal
3. CJust before the meal, giving insulin when the food is ready
4. DTwo hours after the meal, then giving the insulin dose

Який набір результатів найтиповіший для залізодефіцитної анемії?

1. AВисокий гемоглобін і високий гематокрит
2. BНормальний гемоглобін лише з високою кількістю тромбоцитів
3. CНизький гемоглобін, дрібні еритроцити (низький MCV) і низький феритин
4. DНизький гемоглобін, великі еритроцити (високий MCV) і високий феритин

A patient using an insulin pump has a glucose of 300 mg/dL (16,7 mmol/L) that has not fallen 2 hours after a correction bolus through the pump. Blood ketones are 1,8 mmol/L. What is the most likely problem and action?

1. ARebound after a hypo; give fast-acting carbohydrate and recheck in 15 minutes
2. BInsulin overdose from the pump; suspend the pump and stop all insulin for a day
3. CNormal pump function; wait for the next mealtime bolus to lower the glucose
4. DInsulin delivery failure; inject a correction dose by pen and change the set