Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями

A blood lactate level above about which value is usually considered raised in an adult?

1. A20 mmol/L
2. B2 mmol/L
3. C0,2 mmol/L
4. D10 mmol/L

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

1. ASerum contains all the red cells, while plasma contains none
2. BPlasma is the fluid left after blood clots, without fibrinogen
3. CSerum and plasma are two names for exactly the same fluid
4. DSerum is what is left after blood clots, minus clotting factors

Which body system shows the main symptoms of a low serum sodium?

1. AThe skeleton
2. BThe eyes only
3. CThe skin and hair
4. DThe nervous system

A patient takes low-dose methotrexate weekly for rheumatoid arthritis. Which laboratory tests are monitored regularly?

1. AComplete blood count, liver tests and kidney function
2. BSerum amylase, lipase and blood ketones
3. CSerum lithium, sodium and urine specific gravity
4. DTroponin, creatine kinase and myoglobin

How does the nurse start a 24-hour urine collection at 08:00?

1. ASave the 08:00 urine as the first sample, then collect until 08:00 the next day
2. BHave the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day
3. CCollect only the first urine passed on waking, and repeat this the next morning
4. DSave three samples spread across the day and discard all of the urine passed at night

In countries that screen all pregnant women (such as the US), a vaginal-rectal swab is taken at about 36–37 weeks. Which organism is it screening for?

1. ACandida albicans
2. BStaphylococcus aureus
3. CHepatitis B virus
4. DGroup B Streptococcus

Чому нормальний креатинін може вводити в оману в слабкого літнього дорослого з малою м'язовою масою?

1. AНормальний креатинін завжди доводить нормальну функцію нирок
2. BРівні креатиніну взагалі не залежать від м'язової маси
3. CМенше м'язів виробляє менше креатиніну, приховуючи знижену функцію нирок
4. DЛітні дорослі завжди мають вищий креатинін, ніж молодші

A woman with preeclampsia is receiving IV magnesium sulfate. Her urine output has fallen and her creatinine is rising. Why is this a concern?

1. APoor kidney function makes the magnesium level fall quickly
2. BMagnesium is excreted by the kidneys, so it can build up to toxic levels
3. CMagnesium causes potassium loss, so the kidneys release more fluid
4. DMagnesium is broken down by the liver, so it will stop working soon