Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями

Яка ознака типова для високого магнію в сироватці?

1. AСильне бажання пити воду
2. BЗнижені або відсутні глибокі сухожилкові рефлекси
3. CПідвищені рефлекси та посмикування м'язів
4. DКарпальний спазм при надуванні манжети

What is the main effect of aldosterone on the kidneys?

1. ASodium is retained and potassium is excreted
2. BGlucose is retained and urea is excreted
3. CSodium is excreted and potassium is retained
4. DCalcium is retained and phosphate is excreted

Як для натрію та калію співвідносяться 1 mEq/L і 1 mmol/L?

1. A1 mEq/L дорівнює 2 mmol/L для цих іонів
2. BЇх не можна порівнювати, бо вони вимірюють різне
3. CВони рівні, бо кожен іон несе один заряд
4. D1 mEq/L дорівнює 0,5 mmol/L для цих іонів

Which finding during a transfusion suggests transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)?

1. AA low temperature and slow heart rate
2. BHives and itching without other signs
3. CBack pain with dark red urine output
4. DCrackles, hypertension and a raised BNP

A blood sample drawn just after a patient ate a fatty meal is reported as "lipemic." What does this mean for the results?

1. AThe results are more accurate than in a fasting sample
2. BHigh fat in the sample may interfere with some test results
3. CThe sample was contaminated by an IV fluid with dextrose
4. DThe sample shows the patient has diabetic ketoacidosis

A patient with pneumonia had a CRP of 180 mg/L on admission and 40 mg/L after 4 days of antibiotics. What does this most likely show?

1. AThe inflammation is settling with treatment
2. BThe infection has spread to another organ
3. CThe antibiotic is causing liver damage
4. DThe patient has developed a new infection

A patient on a stable dose of levothyroxine now has a TSH of 9,8 mIU/L. She recently started taking her calcium and iron supplements with her morning levothyroxine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe result is normal for a person on levothyroxine therapy
2. BThe supplements are causing an overactive thyroid gland
3. CThe supplements are reducing levothyroxine absorption
4. DThe TSH is low, showing that the dose is now too high

A patient has a sodium of 150 mEq/L, a glucose of 180 mg/dL and a BUN of 28 mg/dL. Using the formula 2 × Na + glucose/18 + BUN/2,8, what is the calculated serum osmolality?

1. AAbout 320 mOsm/kg, which is high
2. BAbout 285 mOsm/kg, which is normal
3. CAbout 358 mOsm/kg, which is high
4. DAbout 300 mOsm/kg, which is normal