Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями

Безкоштовний робочий аркуш для друку «Лабораторні показники та електроліти»: 8 задач від легких до рівня іспиту, з ключем відповідей. Роздрукуйте його або збережіть як PDF.

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1.Легка

A raised alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in an adult is most closely linked to which cancer?

  1. ADuctal breast cancer
  2. BBladder urothelial cancer
  3. CProstate adenocarcinoma
  4. DHepatocellular (liver) cancer
2.Легка

Which sample is commonly used to screen a patient for MRSA carriage on admission?

  1. AA clean-catch midstream urine sample
  2. BA swab from the front of the nose
  3. CA blood culture from one arm
  4. DA sample of stool sent for culture
3.Легка

A patient who has not eaten for 2 days has ketones in the urine. What is the most likely reason?

  1. AThe kidneys are leaking protein
  2. BThe liver is making too much glucose
  3. CThe body is burning fat for energy
  4. DThe bladder has a bacterial infection
4.Середня

An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1,0 to 1,8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?

  1. AThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
  2. BA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney
  3. CNormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks
  4. DMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly
5.Середня

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a potassium of 5,6 mEq/L. Which food should the nurse advise the patient to limit?

  1. ABananas
  2. BApples
  3. CCabbage
  4. DWhite rice
6.Середня

A patient has weight loss, tremor and heat intolerance. Which thyroid test pattern fits Graves disease?

  1. AHigh TSH with a low free T4
  2. BNormal TSH with a low free T4
  3. CLow TSH with a high free T4
  4. DHigh TSH with a normal free T4
7.Складна

A patient with blood pressure that is hard to control has a potassium of 2,9 mEq/L, a sodium of 144 mEq/L and a raised serum bicarbonate, without taking a diuretic. Which condition is most likely?

  1. APrimary hyperaldosteronism
  2. BSyndrome of inappropriate ADH
  3. CPrimary adrenal insufficiency
  4. DCentral diabetes insipidus
8.Складна

A patient with schizophrenia drinks very large amounts of water each day. Sodium is 121 mEq/L, and the urine is very dilute (urine osmolality 70 mOsm/kg). Which explanation fits best?

  1. ASyndrome of inappropriate ADH
  2. BCentral diabetes insipidus
  3. CPrimary (psychogenic) polydipsia
  4. DHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

Ключ відповідей

  1. 1. D · Hepatocellular (liver) cancer
  2. 2. B · A swab from the front of the nose
  3. 3. C · The body is burning fat for energy
  4. 4. A · The NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
  5. 5. A · Bananas
  6. 6. C · Low TSH with a high free T4
  7. 7. A · Primary hyperaldosteronism
  8. 8. C · Primary (psychogenic) polydipsia

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