Робочий аркуш «Лабораторні показники та електроліти» з відповідями

What is a typical adult reference range for total serum bilirubin?

1. AAbout 3–12 mg/dL (51–205 µmol/L)
2. BAbout 0,03–0,1 mg/dL (0,5–1,7 µmol/L)
3. CAbout 0,3–1,2 mg/dL (5–21 µmol/L)
4. DAbout 10–20 mg/dL (171–342 µmol/L)

Which group of symptoms is linked to hypercalcemia ("stones, bones, groans and moans")?

1. AKidney stones, bone pain, abdominal pain and confusion
2. BJaundice, itching, pale stools and dark urine
3. CTetany, muscle cramps, tingling and seizures
4. DHeat intolerance, tremor, weight loss and diarrhea

Який типовий референтний діапазон азоту сечовини крові (BUN) у дорослих?

1. AБлизько 0,6–1,2 mg/dL (сечовина 0,2–0,4 mmol/L)
2. BБлизько 70–99 mg/dL (сечовина 25–35 mmol/L)
3. CБлизько 7–20 mg/dL (сечовина 2,5–7,1 mmol/L)
4. DБлизько 135–145 mg/dL (сечовина 48–52 mmol/L)

A patient has taken a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole) for many years and now has muscle cramps and tremor. Which electrolyte is most likely to be low?

1. APhosphate
2. BMagnesium
3. CSodium
4. DChloride

A patient on carbamazepine becomes confused and has a headache. Which laboratory result would most likely explain this?

1. AA high serum calcium
2. BA low serum sodium
3. CA high serum potassium
4. DA low serum magnesium

A patient with an upper gastrointestinal bleed has a BUN of 48 mg/dL (urea 17 mmol/L) and a normal creatinine. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ADigested blood adds protein, which the liver turns into urea
2. BSkeletal muscle is breaking down because of the blood loss
3. CThe liver has stopped making urea because of the bleeding
4. DThe kidneys have suddenly lost most of their function

The nurse teaches a patient with chronic kidney disease about a potassium-restricted diet. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"Dried apricots and raisins will be a good snack for me now"
2. B"I'll limit bananas, oranges and potatoes in my meals"
3. C"I'll check food labels and ask my dietitian about portion sizes"
4. D"I can leach potatoes by soaking them before cooking them"

A patient in DKA is receiving IV fluids and insulin. The glucose has fallen to about 220 mg/dL (12,2 mmol/L), but the anion gap is still high. What change would the nurse expect?

1. AStop the insulin infusion because the glucose is near normal
2. BAdd dextrose to the IV fluids and continue the insulin
3. CStop the IV fluids and start oral fluids only
4. DGive an IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate at once