Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Amlodipine belongs to which drug class?

1. ACalcium channel blockers
2. BLoop diuretics
3. CAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
4. DCardioselective beta-blockers

What is an embolus?

1. AA clot or other mass that travels in the blood and lodges elsewhere
2. BA clot that stays fixed in the vessel where it first formed
3. CA bulge in the weakened wall of an artery that may rupture
4. DA narrowing of an artery caused by a build-up of fatty plaque

Legionnaires' disease is usually acquired from which source?

1. AContaminated water systems such as cooling towers and showers
2. BContact with cats' litter trays while cleaning them at home
3. CEating undercooked chicken or eggs bought from a market stall
4. DMosquito bites when travelling in warm, humid countries

Why must inspired air be humidified for a patient with a tracheostomy?

1. AThe nose and upper airway, which warm and moisten air, are bypassed
2. BHumidification prevents the cuff from deflating
3. CDry air is needed to stop secretions forming in the trachea
4. DHumidified air contains more oxygen than dry air at the same flow

How do clopidogrel and ticagrelor work?

1. AThey directly inhibit thrombin in the plasma
2. BThey inhibit the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver
3. CThey dissolve fibrin in existing clots
4. DThey block the platelet ADP (P2Y₁₂) receptor

Why is a non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol usually avoided in a patient with asthma?

1. AIt makes inhaled corticosteroids work too strongly
2. BIt raises the heart rate sharply during an acute asthma attack
3. CIt can cause bronchospasm by blocking beta-2 receptors
4. DIt thickens airway mucus by drying the airways

Пацієнт із серцевою недостатністю на обмеженні рідини 1,5 L/добу скаржиться на сильну спрагу. Який захід найдоречніший?

1. AСолоні закуски, щоб стимулювати слину й зменшити сухість
2. BНеобмежена вода, бо спрагу завжди треба вгамовувати
3. CДогляд за ротом, облік шматочків льоду для смоктання та розподіл рідини протягом дня
4. DЖодної рідини до зважування наступного ранку

A patient is listed for coronary angiography in the morning. Which pre-procedure result should the nurse report to the team?

1. AA normal platelet count
2. BA blood glucose of 5,4 mmol/L (97 mg/dL)
3. CA haemoglobin in the normal range
4. DA markedly reduced eGFR