Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Which description best fits asthma?

1. APermanent destruction of the alveolar walls caused by smoking
2. BScarring of the lung tissue that makes the lungs stiff and small
3. CA bacterial infection of the alveoli
4. DAirway inflammation with variable, reversible airflow obstruction

Пацієнт із серцевою недостатністю каже, що вночі для комфортного дихання йому потрібні три подушки. Як називається цей симптом?

1. AТахіпное
2. BБрадипное
3. CОртопное
4. DКровохаркання

In hospital, how is oxygen therapy treated?

1. AAs a medicine that needs a prescription with a target range
2. BAs a treatment that patients adjust themselves
3. CAs a comfort measure that needs no prescription or monitoring
4. DAs a treatment kept only for patients who are near the end of life

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. APotassium has no link with either medicine
2. BLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely
3. CHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
4. DLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity

A patient on home oxygen has dry, sore lips. Which product is safest to use?

1. AA water-based lubricant
2. BAn alcohol-based gel
3. CPetroleum jelly
4. DAn oil-based balm

A patient with heart failure starts dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor. Which teaching is most relevant?

1. AExpect the urine to turn bright orange and stain underwear and clothes
2. BTake an extra dose if the ankles swell
3. CAvoid drinking any fluids at all for the first week of treatment
4. DKeep the genital area clean, as fungal infections are more common

An older inpatient develops sudden fever, muscle aches and a dry cough during the winter influenza season. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AIsolate with droplet precautions, test and expect early antivirals
2. BWait a week to see whether the symptoms settle before testing
3. CLeave them in the open bay and give a course of antibiotics only
4. DIsolate only if they develop a rash

Thirty minutes after extubation, a patient develops a high-pitched noise on breathing in and is anxious. SpO₂ is falling. What should the nurse do?

1. AEncourage the patient to sleep it off and recheck them in an hour
2. BSit the patient up, give oxygen and call for urgent airway help
3. CGive a large drink of cold water to soothe the throat and settle it
4. DLay the patient flat and reassure them