Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Which side effect is typical of an inhaled long-acting antimuscarinic such as tiotropium?

1. AWeight gain
2. BDry mouth
3. CDiarrhoea
4. DOral thrush

Which cardiac arrest rhythms are shockable?

1. ASinus rhythm and sinus tachycardia with a normal pulse
2. BAtrial fibrillation and atrial flutter
3. CVentricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia
4. DAsystole and pulseless electrical activity with a slow rate

What is the normal range for arterial PaCO₂?

1. AAbout 10–13 kPa (75–100 mmHg)
2. BAbout 1,0–2,0 kPa (8–15 mmHg)
3. CAbout 4,7–6,0 kPa (35–45 mmHg)
4. DAbout 8,0–9,0 kPa (60–68 mmHg)

Який набір побічних ефектів типовий для тіазидних чи тіазидоподібних діуретиків, як-от індапамід?

1. AВисокий натрій і магній із низькою глюкозою крові
2. BСухий кашель, порушення смаку та набряк губ
3. CВисокий калій і натрій, низька сечова кислота та низька глюкоза крові
4. DНизький калій і натрій, підвищена сечова кислота та підвищена глюкоза

A patient with chest pain has a first troponin result within the normal range one hour after the pain started. Why is a repeat test arranged?

1. ATroponin falls during an MI, so a lower value confirms it
2. BThe first sample is always contaminated
3. CTroponin may take a few hours to rise after muscle damage
4. DThe repeat test is only needed for patients over 80

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all
2. BIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage
3. CIt turns the statin into a blood thinner
4. DIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply

A patient with infective endocarditis is on IV gentamicin with another antibiotic. Which monitoring is most important?

1. ALiver size by daily palpation and weekly abdominal ultrasound
2. BPeak flow readings and spirometry before and after each dose
3. CBlood glucose only
4. DDrug levels, renal function and hearing or balance changes

A patient with end-stage COPD has severe breathlessness at rest despite optimal treatment and wants comfort-focused care. Which measure is recognised to help?

1. AStopping all medicines, including inhalers
2. BEncouraging long walks to build fitness
3. CHigh-flow oxygen at 15 L/min whatever the oxygen saturation is
4. DA low-dose opioid with a hand-held fan and calm positioning