Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Which description fits stable angina?

1. ASharp chest pain that worsens with each breath
2. BChest pain at rest that lasts longer than an hour and keeps returning
3. CChest pain that appears only after heavy meals
4. DChest pain on exertion that eases with rest or nitrates

What is atelectasis?

1. ANarrowing of the airways caused by spasm of smooth muscle
2. BInfection of the lung tissue causing the alveoli to fill with pus
3. CFluid in the space around the lung
4. DCollapse of part of the lung so the alveoli contain no air

Чому гіпертензію часто називають «тихим вбивцею»?

1. AВона завжди спричиняє головний біль, на який пацієнти навчаються не зважати
2. BВона часто не дає симптомів, але пошкоджує органи
3. CЇї можна виявити лише аналізом крові
4. DВона виникає переважно вночі під час сну

What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

1. AA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
2. BA leaking aortic valve
3. CA blocked pulmonary artery
4. DA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole

After an acute coronary syndrome, a patient with a normal cholesterol level is prescribed a high-intensity statin. Why?

1. AStatins are needed only if the cholesterol level is very high
2. BStatins are given after an ACS mainly to lower the blood pressure
3. CStatins work as painkillers for chest pain
4. DStatins reduce further events whatever the starting cholesterol

A nurse measures blood pressure on a large upper arm using a cuff that is too small. What effect will this have?

1. AOnly the pulse rate will be affected
2. BThe reading will be accurate but slower
3. CThe reading will be falsely high
4. DThe reading will be falsely low

A patient receiving noradrenaline (norepinephrine) through a peripheral cannula has pale, cold skin around the site. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop it at that site, inform the team and follow the extravasation policy
2. BIncrease the rate so the drug enters the vein faster and leaks less
3. CMassage the area firmly to spread the drug out into the surrounding tissue
4. DContinue the infusion, as this is expected

During drainage of a large pleural effusion, a patient starts coughing and feels tight in the chest. What should the nurse do?

1. AAsk the patient to cough harder to help the flow
2. BSpeed up the drainage to finish quickly
3. CStop or clamp the drainage and inform the doctor
4. DLie the patient flat until the drainage is complete