Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Which side effect of ethambutol should patients report straight away?

1. AOrange-red colouring of the urine and tears
2. BNumbness and tingling of the feet and hands
3. CBlurred vision or changes in colour vision
4. DA painful, red and swollen big toe joint

Which finding on abdominal examination suggests an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

1. ALoud, high-pitched bowel sounds
2. BA dull area that shifts when the patient turns
3. CA pulsating mass around the umbilicus
4. DA tender lump in the right iliac fossa

Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is most strongly linked with which factor?

1. ASmoking tobacco
2. BA high-salt diet
3. CDrinking coffee
4. DLack of sleep

How should a patient breathe in when using a pressurised metered-dose inhaler without a spacer?

1. AIn short gasps through the nose while pressing the canister
2. BSlowly and deeply while pressing the canister, then hold the breath
3. CAs hard and fast as possible, then press the canister afterwards
4. DNormally, while breathing out through the mouthpiece

A patient who had a stroke has a weak swallow. Which measure most reduces the risk of aspiration pneumonia?

1. AGiving thin fluids quickly through a straw between meals
2. BLying flat for 30 minutes after eating to aid digestion
3. CGiving meals while the patient is drowsy
4. DA swallowing assessment and sitting upright for meals

Which advice is most helpful for a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon?

1. AKeep the whole body warm, wear gloves and stop smoking
2. BSoak the hands in cold water to toughen the vessels
3. CRub the fingers hard with snow during an attack
4. DTake a decongestant tablet before going outdoors

Why is the cuff pressure of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube checked regularly?

1. AThe cuff pressure sets the ventilator's breathing rate
2. BThe cuff pressure directly controls the patient's oxygen saturation
3. CThe cuff must be kept fully deflated in every ventilated patient
4. DToo high a pressure damages the trachea; too low allows aspiration

У пацієнта, що приймає дабігатран, серйозна шлунково-кишкова кровотеча. Який специфічний антидот можна застосувати?

1. AПротаміну сульфат
2. BФітоменадіон (вітамін K)
3. CЛише транексамова кислота
4. DІдаруцизумаб