Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

What does a nebuliser do?

1. AIt measures the level of oxygen in the blood through the skin
2. BIt warms and filters the air entering a tracheostomy tube
3. CIt turns a liquid medicine into a fine mist to breathe in
4. DIt sucks secretions out of the airway

What is the main cause of varicose veins?

1. AA clot blocking a deep vein in the calf
2. BFaulty valves in the superficial leg veins
3. CInflammation of the lymph nodes in the groin
4. DNarrowing of the leg arteries by plaque

What is haemoptysis?

1. AVomiting blood that comes from the stomach
2. BBleeding from the nose that runs into the throat
3. CBlood in the urine
4. DCoughing up blood from the lungs or airways

A patient on theophylline develops nausea, vomiting, a fast heart rate and restlessness. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAn expected sign that the drug is working
2. BTheophylline toxicity
3. CHypoglycaemia caused by the drug
4. DA theophylline allergy causing a rash

Which position is usually best for the legs of a patient with chronic venous insufficiency and ankle swelling?

1. AHanging down over the side of the bed
2. BKept still in a standing position for long periods
3. CCrossed at the knees while sitting
4. DRaised above the level of the heart when resting

After coronary artery bypass surgery through a median sternotomy, which instruction is usually given for the first several weeks?

1. ASleep only on the stomach to protect the wound
2. BLift the arms above the head often to stretch the chest
3. CAvoid heavy lifting and pushing up with the arms
4. DAvoid walking until the stitches are removed

A nurse is reviewing four telemetry patients. Which rhythm needs attention first?

1. ARepeated runs of ventricular tachycardia in a patient who feels dizzy
2. BFirst-degree heart block with a stable blood pressure and no symptoms
3. CRate-controlled atrial fibrillation at 82/min
4. DSinus bradycardia of 54/min in a patient who is asleep and comfortable

After positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is increased on a ventilated patient, the blood pressure falls. What is the most likely reason?

1. APEEP directly weakens the heart muscle and its contraction
2. BHigher chest pressure reduces venous return to the heart
3. CPEEP lowers the blood oxygen level
4. DPEEP causes immediate blood loss from the alveolar capillaries