Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Яка аритмія найбільше підвищує ризик ішемічного інсульту?

1. AСинусова брадикардія у спортсмена
2. BСинусова аритмія
3. CСинусова тахікардія під час фізичного навантаження
4. DФібриляція передсердь

What happens to the lungs in emphysema?

1. AThe bronchi become permanently widened and repeatedly infected
2. BThe pleural space slowly fills with fluid that compresses the lung
3. CThe airways narrow briefly and fully recover
4. DAlveolar walls are destroyed, reducing the surface for gas exchange

Який звичайний діапазон потоку кисню через стандартну носову канюлю в дорослих?

1. A20–40 L/min
2. B10–15 L/min
3. C1–6 L/min
4. D0,1–0,2 L/min

Which feature of a COPD exacerbation most suggests that antibiotics are needed?

1. AA clear runny nose
2. BAn increase in purulent (green or yellow) sputum
3. CA dry, tickly cough with no sputum at all for a day
4. DA mild sore throat that lasted for one day only

After coronary artery bypass surgery through a median sternotomy, which instruction is usually given for the first several weeks?

1. AAvoid heavy lifting and pushing up with the arms
2. BLift the arms above the head often to stretch the chest
3. CAvoid walking until the stitches are removed
4. DSleep only on the stomach to protect the wound

Which patient is most typical of a primary spontaneous pneumothorax?

1. AA child with a viral sore throat
2. BAn older woman with long-standing heart failure
3. CA tall, thin young man who smokes
4. DA middle-aged woman with high blood pressure

The monitor shows a regular broad-complex tachycardia at 180/min. The patient is alert with BP 126/78 mmHg and no chest pain. What is the most appropriate plan?

1. ADeliver an unsynchronised shock immediately, before any other assessment
2. BStart chest compressions straight away and give a dose of IV adrenaline
3. CReassure the patient, as this is a normal rhythm
4. DRecord a 12-lead ECG, call senior help and anticipate an antiarrhythmic

A woman starting rifampicin (rifampin) for tuberculosis uses a combined oral contraceptive pill. What advice is correct?

1. AStop all contraception during TB treatment, as pregnancy cannot occur
2. BTake two pills a day to make up for the drug
3. CUse another reliable method, as rifampicin reduces the pill's effect
4. DContinue the pill as usual, because there is no interaction with TB drugs