Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

In pericarditis, which structure is inflamed?

1. AThe coronary arteries
2. BThe sac that surrounds the heart
3. CThe heart muscle itself
4. DThe inner lining of the heart chambers

What does an SpO₂ reading measure?

1. AThe oxygen level in the brain
2. BThe total haemoglobin level
3. CThe percentage of haemoglobin carrying oxygen
4. DThe amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood

What is the normal PR interval on an adult ECG?

1. A0,40–0,60 seconds
2. B0,12–0,20 seconds
3. C1,0–1,2 seconds
4. D0,02–0,06 seconds

Артеріальний тиск пацієнта 200/125 mmHg з новою сплутаністю та нечіткістю зору. Як його зазвичай знижують?

1. AНе знижують зовсім, бо мозок тепер залежить від високого тиску
2. BНовою пероральною таблеткою та оглядом через тиждень
3. CТитрованими внутрішньовенними препаратами, до близько 25% протягом першої години
4. DЯкнайшвидше, до нормального значення за кілька хвилин

A patient on home oxygen has dry, sore lips. Which product is safest to use?

1. AAn alcohol-based gel
2. BAn oil-based balm
3. CPetroleum jelly
4. DA water-based lubricant

A patient has just started an ACE inhibitor. Which blood tests are usually checked within the first one to two weeks?

1. APotassium and creatinine
2. BINR and platelet count
3. CLiver enzymes and amylase
4. DTroponin and creatine kinase

A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure who takes ramipril and spironolactone. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will call if I gain weight quickly or get more breathless."
2. B"I will weigh myself every morning after I go to the toilet."
3. C"I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."
4. D"I will avoid ibuprofen for my joint pain."

Why is the cuff pressure of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube checked regularly?

1. AThe cuff pressure directly controls the patient's oxygen saturation
2. BThe cuff pressure sets the ventilator's breathing rate
3. CToo high a pressure damages the trachea; too low allows aspiration
4. DThe cuff must be kept fully deflated in every ventilated patient