Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Which valve lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

1. AThe mitral valve
2. BThe tricuspid valve
3. CThe aortic valve
4. DThe pulmonary valve

What is the pleura?

1. AA double membrane lining the lungs and the inner chest wall
2. BThe tiny air sacs at the ends of the airways where gas exchange happens
3. CThe cartilage rings of the trachea
4. DThe dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen

What does the term "hypoxaemia" mean?

1. AA low level of haemoglobin in the blood
2. BA low level of oxygen in the arterial blood
3. CA high level of carbon dioxide in the blood
4. DA fast breathing rate with normal oxygen

Which advice is most helpful for a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon?

1. AKeep the whole body warm, wear gloves and stop smoking
2. BSoak the hands in cold water to toughen the vessels
3. CTake a decongestant tablet before going outdoors
4. DRub the fingers hard with snow during an attack

Septic shock belongs to which category of shock?

1. AObstructive shock
2. BDistributive shock
3. CHypovolaemic shock
4. DCardiogenic shock

Suspected pulmonary TB is being investigated. How are sputum samples usually collected?

1. ASeveral samples, ideally including early-morning sputum
2. BA single sample after the first week of treatment
3. CA swab from the nose only
4. DOne sample of saliva collected at any time of the day

During a cardiac arrest, the monitor shows an organised rhythm, but there is no pulse. What should the team do?

1. AContinue CPR and give adrenaline (epinephrine), as the rhythm is non-shockable
2. BGive adenosine to slow the rhythm down
3. CStop CPR, because an organised rhythm on the monitor means recovery
4. DDeliver an unsynchronised shock at once and then check the pulse

Hours after surgery to restore blood flow to an ischaemic leg, the patient has severe calf pain that is worse when the toes are moved passively, and the calf feels tense. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ACramp from lying still in bed
2. BA superficial thrombophlebitis of the long saphenous vein
3. CCompartment syndrome from reperfusion swelling
4. DExpected postoperative pain from the leg wound