Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Який звичайний діапазон потоку кисню через стандартну носову канюлю в дорослих?

1. A10–15 L/min
2. B0,1–0,2 L/min
3. C1–6 L/min
4. D20–40 L/min

Which sound is typical of a pleural friction rub?

1. AA high-pitched musical sound on expiration
2. BA harsh sound on breathing in from the throat
3. CA creaking, grating sound with each breath
4. DFine bubbling sounds that clear with coughing

What is the main role of the delay at the atrioventricular (AV) node?

1. AIt starts each heartbeat by firing faster than the SA node
2. BIt speeds the impulse to the ventricles so they beat sooner
3. CIt gives the ventricles time to fill before they contract
4. DIt closes the aortic valve

After coronary artery bypass surgery through a median sternotomy, which instruction is usually given for the first several weeks?

1. AAvoid heavy lifting and pushing up with the arms
2. BAvoid walking until the stitches are removed
3. CSleep only on the stomach to protect the wound
4. DLift the arms above the head often to stretch the chest

A 70 kg patient has passed 20 mL of urine per hour for the last three hours. How should this be interpreted?

1. AHigh, suggesting fluid overload that needs a diuretic
2. BNormal, because the target is 0,1 mL/kg/h
3. CNormal, because any measurable urine output is reassuring
4. DBelow 0,5 mL/kg/h, suggesting poor kidney perfusion

A patient with stable angina is afraid nicotine patches will harm their heart. Which reply is most accurate?

1. ANicotine patches are much more harmful to the heart than cigarettes
2. BNicotine replacement is much safer than smoking and is recommended
3. CPeople with angina must stop smoking without any help
4. DNicotine replacement only works if smoking continues

У пацієнта із серцевою недостатністю задишка в спокої, холодні кінцівки, систолічний АТ 80 mmHg і знижений діурез. Про що це свідчить?

1. AТривогу, що спричинила вазовагальну реакцію
2. BЛегке зневоднення, яке виправить пероральна рідина
3. CКардіогенний шок зі слабкою перфузією тканин
4. DСтабільну, добре компенсовану хронічну серцеву недостатність

A patient had 40 minutes of chest pain at rest. The ECG shows ST depression without ST elevation, and the troponin is rising. What is the diagnosis?

1. ANon-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
2. BST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
3. CAcute pericarditis
4. DStable angina