Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Який аналіз крові найспецифічніший для ушкодження серцевого м'яза?

1. AСерцевий тропонін
2. BЛактатдегідрогеназа
3. CС-реактивний білок
4. DКреатинкіназа (загальна)

What does a "reliever" inhaler do in asthma?

1. AIt thins the mucus over several days
2. BIt kills bacteria in the airways
3. CIt reduces the airway inflammation steadily over several weeks
4. DIt relaxes the airway muscles quickly to ease symptoms

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

1. AAbout 1,5 litres
2. BAbout 5 litres
3. CAbout 50 mL
4. DAbout 500 mL

Analysis of a pleural effusion shows it is an exudate (high protein and LDH compared with blood). Which cause is most likely?

1. AHeart failure with raised venous pressure
2. BNephrotic syndrome with protein lost in urine
3. CLiver cirrhosis with a low albumin
4. DPneumonia or cancer affecting the pleura

Unless fluids are restricted, why are patients with pneumonia encouraged to drink plenty?

1. ATo lower the temperature by diluting the blood plasma
2. BTo prevent dehydration and keep secretions thinner
3. CTo make the cough completely stop
4. DTo flush the bacteria out through the urine

A patient in cardiac rehabilitation asks how hard to exercise. Which simple guide is commonly taught?

1. AExercise until they are too breathless to speak at all
2. BExercise so they are a little breathless but can still talk
3. CExercise only until the heart rate rises even slightly
4. DExercise until chest pain starts, then stop

Which task for a stable patient with heart failure can the registered nurse most appropriately delegate to a healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel)?

1. AMeasuring and recording the morning weight
2. BAssessing lung sounds for new crackles
3. CTeaching the patient about a low-salt diet
4. DDeciding whether to give the furosemide dose

Shortly after a thoracentesis, a patient becomes breathless with sharp chest pain and reduced breath sounds on the same side. What complication is most likely?

1. AInfection at the puncture site
2. BPulmonary embolism from the leg
3. CPneumothorax
4. DRe-accumulation of the effusion