Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

When is pneumonia classed as hospital-acquired?

1. AWhen it starts within the first hour after admission
2. BWhen the patient had symptoms before admission
3. COnly when it is caused by a virus
4. DWhen it starts 48 hours or more after admission

Which side effect is particularly linked with spironolactone in men?

1. AOrange-red colouring of the urine
2. BA persistent dry, tickly cough
3. CBreast enlargement (gynaecomastia)
4. DHair loss on the scalp and eyebrows

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is an inherited cause of which lung disease?

1. APneumothorax
2. BAsthma
3. CEmphysema
4. DLung cancer

Before the first treatment dose of a low-molecular-weight heparin for a PE, what does the nurse need to make sure of?

1. AA chest drain is in place
2. BAn accurate, recent body weight is recorded
3. CThe patient's blood glucose is above 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL)
4. DThe patient has fasted for 12 hours

У пацієнта з нещодавнім інсультом і утрудненим ковтанням з'являються гарячка й хрипи в нижній частці правої легені. Яка найімовірніша причина?

1. AГострий напад астми
2. BТромбоемболія легеневої артерії
3. CАспіраційна пневмонія
4. DЛівошлуночкова недостатність

Which patient is most typical of a primary spontaneous pneumothorax?

1. AA tall, thin young man who smokes
2. BA child with a viral sore throat
3. CAn older woman with long-standing heart failure
4. DA middle-aged woman with high blood pressure

A patient taking ramipril and indapamide for hypertension starts regular ibuprofen for back pain. A week later, creatinine has risen sharply. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAn ACE inhibitor, diuretic and NSAID together reducing kidney perfusion
2. BIbuprofen raising the blood pressure to levels that damage the kidneys
3. CBack pain causing kidney damage
4. DAn allergic reaction to the diuretic causing inflammation of the kidney

A patient had 40 minutes of chest pain at rest. The ECG shows ST depression without ST elevation, and the troponin is rising. What is the diagnosis?

1. AST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
2. BNon-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
3. CStable angina
4. DAcute pericarditis