Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Which description fits stable angina?

1. ASharp chest pain that worsens with each breath
2. BChest pain that appears only after heavy meals
3. CChest pain at rest that lasts longer than an hour and keeps returning
4. DChest pain on exertion that eases with rest or nitrates

What is bronchiectasis?

1. AA brief spasm of the airways that fully reverses with treatment
2. BDestruction of the alveolar walls with air trapping
3. CA tumour of the main bronchus
4. DPermanent widening of the bronchi with chronic sputum

Which side effect is particularly linked with spironolactone in men?

1. AOrange-red colouring of the urine
2. BA persistent dry, tickly cough
3. CHair loss on the scalp and eyebrows
4. DBreast enlargement (gynaecomastia)

Which side effect is particularly common with verapamil?

1. AHair loss
2. BConstipation
3. CDiarrhoea
4. DDry cough

A patient with a mechanical heart valve asks to switch from warfarin to apixaban. What is the correct response?

1. AAny anticoagulant works equally well once the valve is in place
2. BAspirin alone can replace warfarin once the valve has healed
3. CDirect oral anticoagulants are not used for mechanical valves
4. DMechanical valves do not need anticoagulation after the first month

A patient with heart failure takes furosemide once a day. When is the best time to take it?

1. AWhenever the ankles look swollen, on those days only
2. BAt bedtime, so the effect lasts through the night
3. CJust before the evening meal, with a large drink
4. DIn the morning, to avoid needing the toilet at night

A patient being treated for infective endocarditis of the mitral valve suddenly develops slurred speech and weakness of the right arm. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA migraine aura triggered by the fever
2. BA side effect of the IV antibiotic on the nerves
3. CAn embolus from a valve vegetation causing a stroke
4. DLow blood glucose from a reduced appetite

Пацієнт із підтвердженим тромбозом вен литки почав терапевтичну антикоагуляцію й питає, чи потрібно лежати в ліжку. Яка відповідь найточніша?

1. AНогу слід масажувати перед кожною прогулянкою
2. BПотрібен суворий постільний режим щонайменше два тижні
3. CХодити не можна, доки тромб повністю не розчиниться
4. DХодьбу за переносимістю зазвичай заохочують після початку лікування