Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Яка ознака типова для тромбозу глибоких вен ноги?

1. AКоричневе забарвлення шкіри навколо обох щиколоток
2. BОдносторонній набряк литки, тепло й болючість
3. CОбидві стопи холодні, бліді й без пульсу
4. DБіль у литці при ходьбі, що минає за кілька хвилин спокою

Which description fits stable angina?

1. AChest pain on exertion that eases with rest or nitrates
2. BChest pain at rest that lasts longer than an hour and keeps returning
3. CChest pain that appears only after heavy meals
4. DSharp chest pain that worsens with each breath

Which side effect is particularly linked with spironolactone in men?

1. AHair loss on the scalp and eyebrows
2. BA persistent dry, tickly cough
3. COrange-red colouring of the urine
4. DBreast enlargement (gynaecomastia)

A patient uses a glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) patch for angina. Why is it usually removed for several hours each day?

1. AThe skin needs a break to absorb a larger dose
2. BThe patch works only during the night
3. CIt lowers the risk of a high potassium level
4. DA nitrate-free interval prevents tolerance

A patient with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator asks what to do if it fires. Which teaching is correct?

1. ADrive straight to hospital alone after any shock so the device can be checked by the team
2. BIgnore any shock at all, because the device is designed to fire every day and needs no follow-up
3. COne shock and well: contact the device clinic; repeated shocks or unwell: call emergency services
4. DRemove the device battery at home if it fires more than once

Яка порада допомагає запобігти тромбозу глибоких вен під час довгого перельоту чи після операції?

1. AПити менше, щоб не вставати до туалету
2. BСидіти зі схрещеними ногами для комфорту
3. CРегулярно виконувати вправи для щиколоток і пити достатньо рідини
4. DНосити тісні еластичні стрічки трохи нижче коліна

A patient with end-stage COPD has severe breathlessness at rest despite optimal treatment and wants comfort-focused care. Which measure is recognised to help?

1. AA low-dose opioid with a hand-held fan and calm positioning
2. BHigh-flow oxygen at 15 L/min whatever the oxygen saturation is
3. CStopping all medicines, including inhalers
4. DEncouraging long walks to build fitness

A nurse teaches a patient who has a new permanent pacemaker. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will keep my follow-up appointments for device checks."
2. B"I will carry my pacemaker identification card with me at all times."
3. C"I will tell staff about the device before any MRI scan."
4. D"I will keep my mobile phone in my shirt pocket over the device."