Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

How is most oxygen carried in the blood?

1. ABound to albumin and other plasma proteins
2. BBound to haemoglobin in red blood cells
3. CCarried as bicarbonate ions in the plasma
4. DDissolved freely in the plasma water

In hospital, how is oxygen therapy treated?

1. AAs a comfort measure that needs no prescription or monitoring
2. BAs a medicine that needs a prescription with a target range
3. CAs a treatment kept only for patients who are near the end of life
4. DAs a treatment that patients adjust themselves

Which three signs make up Beck's triad in cardiac tamponade?

1. ALow blood pressure, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds
2. BFever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages under the nails
3. CHigh blood pressure, a slow pulse and irregular breathing
4. DChest pain, ST elevation and raised troponin

After repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, which regular assessment helps detect a blocked graft or clots in the legs?

1. AChecking leg pulses, colour, warmth and sensation
2. BMeasuring the blood glucose every hour through the night
3. CChecking the pupils' response to light
4. DTesting the gag reflex every four hours after surgery

How do clopidogrel and ticagrelor work?

1. AThey inhibit the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver
2. BThey block the platelet ADP (P2Y₁₂) receptor
3. CThey dissolve fibrin in existing clots
4. DThey directly inhibit thrombin in the plasma

Which ECG change is classically linked with hyperkalaemia?

1. AProminent U waves
2. BA sawtooth baseline
3. CDelta waves before the QRS
4. DTall, peaked T waves

After a pneumonectomy, how is the patient usually positioned?

1. AFlat and prone for the whole of the first day after surgery
2. BOn the back or the operated side, not fully on the remaining lung
3. CFully on the non-operated side, to help drain the empty space
4. DHead down with the legs raised, to drain secretions from the lung

Twelve hours after a coronary stent, a patient has sudden severe chest pain again with new ST elevation in the same leads. What is the most likely cause?

1. APericarditis from the catheter
2. BAcute stent thrombosis
3. CNormal pain from the procedure site
4. DIndigestion from the hospital meal