Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Which side effects are common after inhaled salbutamol (albuterol)?

1. AFine tremor and a fast heart rate
2. BWeight gain and ankle swelling
3. CDrowsiness and a slow heart rate
4. DConstipation and dry eyes

Which three symptoms are classic in severe aortic stenosis?

1. AWheeze, cough and clear sputum
2. BFever, painful swollen joints and a spreading skin rash
3. CExertional chest pain, fainting and breathlessness
4. DCalf pain, leg swelling and redness of one leg

Which definition best describes heart failure?

1. AThe heart has completely stopped beating and there is no pulse
2. BA coronary artery is suddenly blocked by a clot
3. CThe heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs
4. DThe heart beats faster than 150 beats per minute for over an hour

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt turns the statin into a blood thinner
2. BIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage
3. CIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply
4. DIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all

Why is a higher level of HDL cholesterol considered protective?

1. AHDL carries cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver
2. BHDL thins the blood in the same way as an anticoagulant
3. CHDL lowers the blood pressure directly
4. DHDL is converted into vitamin D in the walls of the arteries

After thrombolysis for a myocardial infarction, which complication is the nurse most concerned to detect?

1. AA skin rash appearing at the sites of the ECG electrodes
2. BConstipation from bed rest
3. CBleeding, including a sudden change in neurological status
4. DA high blood glucose caused by the thrombolytic drug itself

A 70-year-old man has a small abdominal aortic aneurysm found on screening and is placed under surveillance. Which advice is most important?

1. AAvoid all exercise and lifting for the rest of his life to protect the aorta
2. BHave the aneurysm repaired immediately, whatever its size or growth rate
3. CStop smoking, control BP and seek help at once for sudden back pain
4. DStop all blood pressure medicines to avoid low pressure

Медсестра планує догляд за чотирма пацієнтами. Якого пацієнта слід оцінити першим?

1. AПацієнта зі стабільною серцевою недостатністю, який чекає щоденного зважування
2. BПацієнта з контрольованою гіпертензією, який питає про сіль
3. CПацієнта із ХОЗЛ, у якого SpO₂ впала з 90% до 83% і з'явилася сонливість
4. DПацієнта з венозною виразкою, якому настав час змінити пов'язку