Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: серцево-судинна та дихальна системи» з відповідями

Чому гіпертензію часто називають «тихим вбивцею»?

1. AВона завжди спричиняє головний біль, на який пацієнти навчаються не зважати
2. BВона часто не дає симптомів, але пошкоджує органи
3. CВона виникає переважно вночі під час сну
4. DЇї можна виявити лише аналізом крові

In a healthy person, what is the main chemical stimulus for breathing?

1. AA rising level of carbon dioxide in the blood
2. BA falling level of potassium in the blood
3. CA falling level of glucose in the blood after fasting
4. DA rising level of oxygen in the blood

How is cystic fibrosis inherited?

1. AAutosomal dominant
2. BAutosomal recessive
3. CIt is not inherited
4. DX-linked recessive

A patient with a regular narrow-complex tachycardia of 180/min is alert with a normal blood pressure. What is usually tried first?

1. AA large oral dose of digoxin
2. BChest compressions until the rate slows
3. CAn immediate unsynchronised shock with the defibrillator
4. DVagal manoeuvres such as a modified Valsalva

Why is a beta-blocker started at a low dose and increased slowly in heart failure?

1. AIt works only if the dose is never changed after the first day
2. BIt can briefly worsen symptoms before long-term benefit appears
3. CIt must be stopped as soon as symptoms improve
4. DIt is safe only at the highest possible dose from the very start

A patient on nasal cannula oxygen breathes mainly through the mouth. What is the most accurate statement?

1. AIt can still work, because oxygen collects in the nasopharynx
2. BIt has no effect at all in mouth breathers and must be stopped
3. CThe flow must be increased to 15 L/min to make it work at all
4. DThe cannula should be placed in the mouth

A patient with obstructive sleep apnoea who uses CPAP at home is having surgery. Which plan is safest after the operation?

1. ANurse the patient lying flat on their back to keep the airway open
2. BLeave the CPAP machine at home, as it is not needed while in hospital
3. CUse their CPAP machine and monitor closely, using opioids with caution
4. DGive extra opioids so the patient sleeps through the night

A nurse teaches a patient who is starting warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"If I miss a dose, I will take two the next day."
2. B"I will check before taking any new medicines or herbal remedies."
3. C"I will tell my dentist that I take warfarin."
4. D"I will have regular INR blood tests."