Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологія» з відповідями

Which statement about hepatitis C is correct?

1. AIt is spread mainly by food, and a vaccine is given to babies
2. BIt can be treated only with a liver transplant
3. CIt always clears by itself within two weeks
4. DIt is spread mainly through blood, and there is no vaccine

Які два чинники є найпоширенішими причинами пептичних виразок?

1. AВживання молока й цитрусових
2. BГостра їжа та тривалий психологічний чи робочий стрес
3. CІнфекція Helicobacter pylori та НПЗЗ
4. DКуріння й надто багато міцної кави

Which adverse effects are linked with NSAIDs such as ibuprofen?

1. AStomach bleeding and kidney injury
2. BHair loss and low white cell count
3. CWeight gain and high potassium only
4. DConstipation and pinpoint pupils

Which lifestyle change most improves the course of Crohn's disease?

1. AStopping smoking
2. BEating more red meat
3. CDrinking more coffee
4. DAvoiding all exercise

Why should antacids usually be taken at a different time from other medicines?

1. AThey destroy other drugs before they are swallowed
2. BThey can reduce the absorption of many other drugs
3. CThey stop the kidneys from clearing other drugs
4. DThey make all other drugs much more toxic

Which nursing intervention best reduces preoperative anxiety?

1. AExplaining what will happen and answering questions
2. BTelling the patient that there is nothing to worry about
3. CAvoiding talking about the operation at all
4. DKeeping family members away until after surgery

A patient who takes NSAIDs suddenly develops severe epigastric pain, a rigid abdomen and shoulder-tip pain. Which finding would most support the likely diagnosis?

1. AFluid levels in the bladder on an ultrasound scan
2. BA raised serum lipase three times the upper limit
3. CFree air under the diaphragm on an erect chest X-ray
4. DTall, peaked T waves on a 12-lead ECG

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. ANormal ageing; no action needed
2. BA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG
3. CA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only
4. DRadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support