Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологія» з відповідями

Which two sites are most common for pressure ulcers in patients lying in bed?

1. AThe thighs and the upper arms
2. BThe forearms and the knees
3. CThe sacrum and the heels
4. DThe palms and the forehead

What is a hiatus hernia?

1. APart of the bowel pushing through the groin into the scrotum
2. BA bulge of bowel through an old surgical scar
3. CPart of the stomach pushing up through the diaphragm
4. DBowel bulging through a weak point in the muscle at the umbilicus

Які кишкові шуми типові на ранньому етапі механічної непрохідності тонкої кишки?

1. AТихі нормальні бурчання
2. BПовна відсутність звуків від початку
3. CШум тертя плеври
4. DВисокі дзвінкі звуки

How should a patient with facial burns usually be positioned?

1. ALying flat with the head lower than the feet
2. BIn any position that keeps the face covered
3. CLying face down on the pillow to protect the airway
4. DWith the head of the bed raised to reduce swelling

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. AStart a regular laxative at the same time
2. BWait until there has been no stool for a week
3. CStop eating fibre completely
4. DTake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water

Which initial treatment is usual for symptomatic hypercalcaemia of malignancy?

1. AOral calcium tablets and vitamin D
2. BIV fluids followed by an IV bisphosphonate
3. CA high-calcium diet with extra milk
4. DFluid restriction and a thiazide diuretic

After two days of large volumes of IV 5% glucose, a postoperative patient becomes confused with a headache. Sodium is 124 mmol/L. What is the likely cause?

1. AHypoglycaemia from the glucose
2. BHypernatraemia from too much salt
3. CNormal confusion after any anaesthetic
4. DHyponatraemia from hypotonic fluids

A nurse teaches a patient to self-inject low molecular weight heparin at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll rub the area afterwards to spread the medicine."
2. B"I'll report any unusual bruising or bleeding."
3. C"I'll change the injection site each day."
4. D"I'll put the used syringe in the sharps bin."