Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологія» з відповідями

Як виглядає здорова стома?

1. AБліда та холодна
2. BВолога та червона або рожева
3. CФіолетова чи тьмяна й суха
4. DСуха та чорна

Why are patients advised to stop smoking before surgery?

1. AIt lowers the risk of chest and wound complications
2. BIt stops patients from feeling hungry while fasting
3. CIt is needed so that consent forms are valid
4. DIt makes the anaesthetic work for a shorter time

What does the grade of a cancer describe?

1. AThe patient's age when diagnosed
2. BHow many treatments the patient has had so far, including surgery
3. CHow far the cancer has spread in the body
4. DHow abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope

Which early symptoms suggest local anaesthetic systemic toxicity?

1. AMild itching of the feet the next day
2. BA red rash only at the injection site, with no other symptoms
3. CTingling around the mouth, a metallic taste and tinnitus
4. DIncreased hunger and thirst over several hours, with a dry mouth

Which statement correctly describes physical dependence on opioids?

1. AWithdrawal occurs if the drug is stopped suddenly
2. BThe drug no longer has any side effects
3. CThe patient is allergic to opioids
4. DThe patient always craves the drug and misuses it despite harm

A patient with a new colostomy asks what to eat at home. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AAvoid all fruit and vegetables for the rest of their life
2. BDrink as little fluid as possible to reduce output
3. CEat a normal, balanced diet and introduce foods gradually
4. DEat only liquids until the stoma is removed

A patient has an implanted port for chemotherapy. Which needle is used to access it?

1. AA non-coring (Huber) needle
2. BAn intramuscular injection needle
3. CA standard hollow needle used for venepuncture
4. DA wide-bore cannula with a steel stylet

У пацієнта з епідуральним катетером після операції на животі АТ 82/48 mmHg, пульс 70/хв і теплі стопи. Кровотечу виключено. Яка найімовірніша причина?

1. AСимпатична блокада від епідуральної анестезії
2. BГіповолемічний шок через крововтрату
3. CАнафілаксія на місцевий анестетик
4. DКардіогенний шок після операції