Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологія» з відповідями

Which feature is typical of an arterial leg ulcer?

1. AA shallow, wet wound around the ankle with warm, swollen skin
2. BA blister on the heel with plenty of hair growth
3. CA painful, punched-out wound on a cold, pale foot
4. DA painless wound on the shin with normal pulses

Which skin care advice is usual during external beam radiotherapy?

1. AApply a hot water bottle to soothe the area
2. BWash gently with lukewarm water and pat dry
3. CScrub the treated area daily to remove the skin marks
4. DUse perfumed lotions to keep the skin soft

What is the main purpose of a biopsy when cancer is suspected?

1. ATo remove all the cancer at once
2. BTo give chemotherapy directly into the tumour
3. CTo measure the patient's blood count
4. DTo confirm the diagnosis by examining tissue

Which advice may help reduce the risk of a parastomal hernia after stoma surgery?

1. AKeep the stoma bag as full as possible
2. BAvoid heavy lifting early on and use support garments as advised
3. CDo intensive sit-ups from the first week
4. DStrain hard on the toilet each day to strengthen the abdominal muscles

Which infection control measure is correct for a patient with C. difficile diarrhoea?

1. AA shared bay, as long as alcohol gel is used after every contact
2. BNo special measures once antibiotics have started
3. CA face mask for the patient and visitors only
4. DA single room with its own toilet, and soap-and-water handwashing

Why is blood lactate measured when sepsis is suspected?

1. AA raised level suggests poor tissue perfusion
2. BIt shows which bacteria are causing the infection
3. CIt measures the effect of antibiotics on the kidney
4. DIt replaces the need for blood cultures

A sacral wound has heavy exudate, and the surrounding skin is white, soft and wrinkled. What should the nurse do?

1. AProtect the skin edges and use a more absorbent dressing
2. BLeave the same dressing in place for a week so the wound is not disturbed
3. CApply a tight plastic film directly over the wound
4. DUse a dressing that adds even more moisture

A patient with gastric outlet obstruction has vomited repeatedly for several days. Which blood picture is most likely?

1. AHigh chloride, high potassium and metabolic acidosis
2. BLow chloride, low potassium and metabolic alkalosis
3. CHigh calcium, high sodium and respiratory acidosis
4. DNormal electrolytes with respiratory alkalosis