Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологія» з відповідями

What is an anastomosis in bowel surgery?

1. AA drain placed beside the bowel
2. BAn opening of the bowel onto the skin
3. CA tube placed in the bowel for feeding
4. DA surgical join between two ends of bowel

Which finding is typical of a perforated peptic ulcer?

1. AA soft, non-tender abdomen with loud, frequent bowel sounds
2. BSlow onset of mild pain relieved fully by eating
3. CPainless bright red bleeding from the rectum over several days
4. DSudden severe abdominal pain with a rigid, board-like abdomen

Яка тканина в рані, що загоюється, виглядає червоною, вологою й зернистою?

1. AЖовта тканина фібринового нальоту
2. BСуха кірка (струп)
3. CГрануляційна тканина
4. DНекротична тканина

Why is blood lactate measured when sepsis is suspected?

1. AIt shows which bacteria are causing the infection
2. BIt measures the effect of antibiotics on the kidney
3. CA raised level suggests poor tissue perfusion
4. DIt replaces the need for blood cultures

Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?

1. AThiazide diuretics
2. BCalcium supplements
3. CProton pump inhibitors
4. DNon-selective beta-blockers

When breaking bad news, what is the first step in frameworks such as SPIKES?

1. AGive the diagnosis as quickly as possible in the corridor
2. BGive all treatment options before checking understanding
3. CSet up a private setting with enough time
4. DAsk the family to decide what the patient should be told

After surgery, a patient keeps asking for analgesia before it is due, watches the clock and rates pain 8/10. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

1. AThe patient needs only distraction and no change in drugs
2. BThe patient is exaggerating, so the pain scores should be ignored for now
3. CThe patient is addicted and should have analgesia withheld
4. DPain may be undertreated; reassess and ask for a review of the plan

A patient with a platelet count of 8 × 10⁹/L (8,000/µL) develops a sudden severe headache and confusion. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA tension headache from stress
2. BDehydration from poor intake
3. CIntracranial bleeding
4. DNormal effects of chemotherapy