Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологія» з відповідями

What is healing by secondary intention?

1. AA wound closed a few days after it was left open
2. BA wound that heals without any new tissue
3. CA wound closed with sutures straight after surgery
4. DA wound left open that heals from the base upwards

Which feature is typical of ulcerative colitis?

1. APatchy inflammation anywhere from mouth to anus
2. BInflammation of the full thickness of the small bowel
3. CInflammation limited to the oesophagus
4. DContinuous inflammation starting at the rectum

Which lifestyle advice helps reduce night-time reflux symptoms?

1. ANo food for 3 hours before bed, with the head of the bed raised
2. BDrink a large glass of fizzy water before lying down
3. CHave the largest meal of the day just before going to bed to aid sleep
4. DSleep flat on several pillows placed under the knees

A patient with a new colostomy asks what to eat at home. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AEat a normal, balanced diet and introduce foods gradually
2. BEat only liquids until the stoma is removed
3. CDrink as little fluid as possible to reduce output
4. DAvoid all fruit and vegetables for the rest of their life

Why are accurate fluid balance charts kept after major surgery?

1. ATo record when visitors come and go
2. BTo check how far the patient has walked and how often they get out of bed
3. CTo decide which meal the patient will have next
4. DTo detect dehydration, fluid overload or kidney problems early

Which treatment often relieves pain from a bone metastasis?

1. AComplete bed rest for a month
2. BA diet low in calcium and vitamin D
3. CPalliative radiotherapy to the area
4. DIron supplements by mouth for several months

A sacral wound has heavy exudate, and the surrounding skin is white, soft and wrinkled. What should the nurse do?

1. AUse a dressing that adds even more moisture
2. BProtect the skin edges and use a more absorbent dressing
3. CApply a tight plastic film directly over the wound
4. DLeave the same dressing in place for a week so the wound is not disturbed

A patient with a PICC line develops swelling and aching of the same arm and prominent veins on the chest. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAn allergy to the dressing
2. BNormal swelling after line insertion
3. CA catheter-related deep vein thrombosis
4. DLymphoedema from a previous operation