Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологія» з відповідями

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one
2. BThe patient is fully alert and anxious
3. CThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
4. DThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe

Which measure helps prevent burn scar contractures?

1. AKeeping the joint bent in the most comfortable position
2. BAvoiding all movement until the wound has healed
3. CPositioning, splinting and regular stretching exercises
4. DApplying ice packs to the scar every day

At which stage of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist does the team confirm the patient, site and procedure just before the skin incision?

1. ASign In
2. BTime Out
3. CSign Out
4. DHandover

Which practice is correct when giving parenteral nutrition through a central line?

1. ADisconnect and reconnect the line without cleaning the hub
2. BGive other IV drugs through the same lumen to save time
3. CUse a dedicated lumen and strict aseptic technique
4. DLet the bag hang at room temperature for several days

Which burn should usually be discussed with a specialist burns service even if it is small?

1. AA small superficial sunburn on the back
2. BA healed burn scar from many years ago
3. CA partial-thickness burn on the hand
4. DA tiny burn on the forearm with redness only

How should a patient use an incentive spirometer after surgery?

1. ABreathe in slowly and deeply, then hold briefly
2. BBreathe quickly in and out ten times in a row
3. CBlow out as hard and as fast as possible
4. DUse it once a day, just before going to sleep at night

A patient taking oral capecitabine reports red, painful, peeling palms and soles. What should the nurse do?

1. AReport it; this is hand-foot syndrome and treatment may need changing
2. BAdvise hot soaks for the hands and feet
3. CTell the patient to take a double dose next time
4. DReassure that it is a sign of an unrelated allergy to washing powder

A patient who takes NSAIDs suddenly develops severe epigastric pain, a rigid abdomen and shoulder-tip pain. Which finding would most support the likely diagnosis?

1. AFree air under the diaphragm on an erect chest X-ray
2. BA raised serum lipase three times the upper limit
3. CFluid levels in the bladder on an ultrasound scan
4. DTall, peaked T waves on a 12-lead ECG