Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: ШКТ, періопераційний період та онкологія» з відповідями

What is atelectasis?

1. AA blood clot in a leg vein
2. BSwelling of both ankles caused by lying in bed after surgery
3. CCollapse of small air sacs in part of the lung
4. DInfection of the surgical wound

Which signs suggest peritonitis?

1. AA small, painless lump near the umbilicus
2. BGuarding, rebound tenderness and a rigid abdomen
3. CA soft abdomen with no pain on pressing
4. DLoud bowel sounds with a hungry feeling

Which feature is typical of ulcerative colitis?

1. AContinuous inflammation starting at the rectum
2. BInflammation of the full thickness of the small bowel
3. CInflammation limited to the oesophagus
4. DPatchy inflammation anywhere from mouth to anus

Which early symptoms suggest local anaesthetic systemic toxicity?

1. AA red rash only at the injection site, with no other symptoms
2. BMild itching of the feet the next day
3. CIncreased hunger and thirst over several hours, with a dry mouth
4. DTingling around the mouth, a metallic taste and tinnitus

У пацієнта з новою ілеостомою дуже великий вміст. Який головний ризик?

1. AВисокий кальцій і камені в нирках протягом кількох днів
2. BЗапор і калова закупорка в кишці вище стоми
3. CПеревантаження рідиною та набряк щиколоток
4. DЗневоднення та втрата натрію, калію й магнію

Which treatment often relieves pain from a bone metastasis?

1. AIron supplements by mouth for several months
2. BA diet low in calcium and vitamin D
3. CPalliative radiotherapy to the area
4. DComplete bed rest for a month

After a high-voltage electrical injury, a patient's urine is dark red-brown. What does this suggest and what is the usual aim?

1. AA urinary infection; send a sample and wait for the result
2. BNormal concentrated urine; restrict fluids
3. CMyoglobin from muscle damage; a higher urine output target
4. DBleeding from the bladder; stop all fluids

A bag of parenteral nutrition runs out and the next one will not arrive for several hours. Which risk should the nurse anticipate?

1. ARaised intracranial pressure
2. BRebound hypoglycaemia
3. CSevere hyperkalaemia
4. DAcute urinary retention