Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системи» з відповідями

Which description best fits an absence seizure?

1. AA brief staring spell of a few seconds with a quick return to normal
2. BJerking that starts in one hand and spreads up the arm
3. CStiffening and then jerking of all four limbs for several minutes
4. DA sudden loss of muscle tone that makes the person fall

What is the main cause of the movement problems in Parkinson's disease?

1. ALoss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
2. BToo much dopamine released in the basal ganglia
3. CLoss of the myelin sheath around nerves in the brain and spinal cord
4. DAntibodies that attack acetylcholine receptors in muscle

Which statement about adult polycystic kidney disease is correct?

1. AIt is inherited, and cysts slowly enlarge both kidneys
2. BIt is caused by drinking too little water
3. CIt only ever affects one of the two kidneys
4. DIt is caused by repeated urinary infections

Which blood gas pattern is typical of acute kidney injury?

1. ALow pH and high carbon dioxide only
2. BHigh pH and high bicarbonate
3. CHigh pH and low carbon dioxide
4. DLow pH and low bicarbonate

After pressing the plunger of an insulin pen, what should the patient do?

1. APull the needle out at once and rub the site firmly
2. BInject a second dose straight away to be sure
3. CKeep the needle in the skin for about 10 seconds
4. DLeave the needle on the pen for the next injection

Після операції на гіпофізі пацієнт виділяє 400 mL сечі на годину протягом трьох годин з низькою питомою вагою. Що має запідозрити медсестра?

1. AГостре пошкодження нирок
2. BСНАДГ
3. CНормальний діурез
4. DНецукровий діабет

A nurse teaches foot care to a patient with diabetic neuropathy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will check that the bath water is not too hot using my elbow."
2. B"I will buy corn plasters from the pharmacy for my corn."
3. C"I will check my feet every day, using a mirror for the soles."
4. D"I will wear socks and shoes that fit well and do not rub."

A patient with a long-term catheter has fever and rigors, and a catheter UTI is suspected. Which action is recommended before starting antibiotics?

1. ARemove the catheter and leave it out permanently
2. BReplace the catheter and take a sample from the new one
3. CFlush the catheter with saline and continue
4. DTake a sample from the drainage bag and send it to the lab