Робочий аркуш «Медсестринство в терапії та хірургії: нервова, ендокринна та сечовидільна системи» з відповідями

What is the usual first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence in women?

1. ARestricting fluids to half a litre a day
2. BPelvic floor muscle training
3. CA permanent urinary catheter
4. DSurgery straight away

What is the normal range for serum potassium in an adult?

1. AAbout 6,0–7,5 mmol/L
2. BAbout 135–145 mmol/L
3. CAbout 3,5–5,0 mmol/L
4. DAbout 1,5–2,5 mmol/L

Which side effect is common when starting a GLP-1 receptor agonist such as semaglutide?

1. ANausea
2. BA dry cough
3. CWeight gain
4. DHair growth

Which blood gas pattern is typical of acute kidney injury?

1. AHigh pH and low carbon dioxide
2. BHigh pH and high bicarbonate
3. CLow pH and high carbon dioxide only
4. DLow pH and low bicarbonate

An 85-year-old care home resident becomes newly confused and is falling more often. A UTI is one possibility. Why?

1. AOlder adults often show infection as confusion
2. BA UTI cannot occur in people over 80
3. CConfusion is the only symptom of a UTI at any age
4. DUrinary infections always cause a high fever in older adults

A patient on insulin asks about drinking alcohol. Which advice is correct?

1. AAlcohol has no effect on blood glucose in people with diabetes
2. BAlcohol raises glucose, so extra insulin should be taken first
3. CAlcohol can cause hypos, even the next day, so eat carbs with it
4. DAlcohol should replace a meal on the days it is drunk

A patient on insulin has worsening chronic kidney disease and is having more hypos. What is the best explanation?

1. AKidney disease makes the body resistant to insulin
2. BThe kidneys clear less insulin, so it lasts longer
3. CKidney disease makes the meter read too low
4. DThe patient is eating far more carbohydrate than before

A patient with an insulin pump is admitted with nausea, a glucose of 19 mmol/L (342 mg/dL) and blood ketones of 3,1 mmol/L. What is the priority?

1. ADisconnect the pump and give no insulin until the ketones clear
2. BIncrease the pump rate and recheck the ketones in 12 hours
3. CSuspect failed insulin delivery and give insulin by another route
4. DGive an antiemetic only, because nausea is causing the high glucose